一株产纤维素酶和木聚糖酶真菌的鉴定及产酶条件优化  

Identification of a Fungus Producing Cellulase and Xylanase and Optimization of Enzyme Production Conditions

作　　者：刘建民[1] 连梦思 彭洁 LIU Jianmin;LIAN Mengsi;PENG Jie(School of Resources and Environment,Henan Ploytechnic University,Jiaozuo,454003)

机构地区：[1]河南理工大学资源环境学院,焦作454003

出　　处：《基因组学与应用生物学》2025年第2期182-191,共10页Genomics and Applied Biology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(42230804);河南省科技攻关项目(242102320191)共同资助。

摘　　要：农作物及其他植物残体含有大量的纤维素物质,筛选能高效降解纤维素物质的菌株对秸秆类生物资源的开发利用具有重要的现实意义。本研究运用刚果红染色法从腐木中分离出一株产纤维素酶的丝状真菌,根据其形态学特征和内源转录间隔区(internally transcribed spacer,ITS)序列比对结果,鉴定其为草酸青霉(Penicillium oxalicum)。利用单因素试验和正交试验方法,对此真菌培养基初始pH值、摇床转速、接种量、培养温度和培养时间进行分析,判断其最佳产酶条件。结果表明,当培养基初始pH为7、温度为28℃、转速为150 r/min、培养时间为72 h时纤维素酶和木聚糖酶的活力均达到峰值;接种量为3.00%时纤维素酶活力达到峰值,接种量为0.50%时木聚糖酶活力达到峰值。通过正交试验得出最优发酵条件:初始pH为8,接种量为3.00%,30℃培养48 h,纤维素酶活力达到最大值,为74.074 U/mL;初始pH为8,接种量为0.25%,28℃培养72 h,木聚糖酶活力最大,为479.660 U/mL。两种酶的活力较优化前分别提升了10.75%和29.51%。Crops and other plant residues contain a large amount of cellulose material,and screening strains with efficient degradation of cellulose material is of great practical significance for the development and utilization of straw based biological resources.In this study,a filamentous fungus producing cellulase was isolated from rotten wood by Congo red staining.Based on its morphological characteristics and internally transcribed spacer(ITS)sequence alignment results,it was identified as Penicillium oxalicum.Using single factor test and orthogonal test method,the initial pH value of the fungal culture medium,shaking speed,inoculation amount,culture temperature and culture time were analyzed to determine the optimal enzyme production conditions.The results showed that when the initial pH of the culture medium was 7,the temperature was 28℃,the rotation speed was 150 r/min,and the culture was carried out for 72 h,the activities of cellulase and xylanase both reached their peak value.Meanwhile,when the inoculation amount was 3.00%,the cellulase activity reached its peak value,and when the inoculation amount was 0.50%,the xylanase activity reached its peak value.The optimal fermentation conditions were obtained by orthogonal tests,cellulase activity reached the maximum of 74.074 U/mL at an initial pH of 8,an inoculation amount of 3.00%,and culturing at 30℃for 48 h;Xylanase activity reached the maximum of 479.660 U/mL at an initial pH of 8,an inoculation amount of 0.25%,and culturing at 28℃for 72 h.The activities of two enzymes were improved from the pre-optimization level by 10.75%and 29.51%,respectively.

关 键 词：草酸青霉 纤维素酶 木聚糖酶 条件优化 

分 类 号：Q93[生物学—微生物学]