2021年南通市儿童青少年近视现况调查  

Cross-section survey on myopia of children and adolescents in Nantong City in 2021

作　　者：陈睿 邝惠宁 俞盛楠 黄建萍[1] 安娜[1] 孙华闽[1] CHEN Rui;KUANG Huining;YU Shengnan;HUANG Jianping;AN Na;SUN Huamin(Food Safety and School Hygiene Department,Nantong Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Nantong,Jiangsu 226007,China;School of Public Health,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100000,China)

机构地区：[1]南通市疾病预防控制中心食品安全与学校卫生科,江苏南通226007 [2]首都医科大学公共卫生学院,北京100000

出　　处：《职业与健康》2025年第5期692-695,共4页Occupation and Health

基　　金：江苏省中医药局一般项目(YB2020068);南通市科技计划基础研究项目(JC2021076);南通市科技计划(社会民生)项目(MS2023035);南通市卫健委科研课题(MS2022088)。

摘　　要：目的了解2021年南通市学生的近视基本情况,为南通市儿童青少年近视防控工作提供依据。方法调查2021年南通市所有的市直学校,并采用分层整群抽样方法,再从每个县(市、区)的主城区和抽取的乡镇中各随机抽取4所学校,共对31327名学生进行视力检查。并对数据进行分析。结果学生近视人数为20801人,其中有134人佩戴角膜塑形镜,近视检出率为66.40%。其中女生近视检出率为69.30%,高于男生(63.77%)(χ^(2)=106.966,P<0.05)。学生近视检出率随学段的升高呈增长的趋势(χ^(2)_(趋势)=5700.878,P<0.05),乡镇学生的近视检出率低于城区(χ^(2)=328.011,P<0.05)。乡镇幼儿园学生近视检出率(24.84%)高于城区(18.67%)(χ^(2)=9.249,P<0.05)。近视的学生中,轻度近视占45.69%,中度近视占41.76%,重度近视占12.56%。结论2021年南通市儿童青少年近视检出率处于较高水平,近视问题呈现低龄化,女生、城区学生和乡镇低龄儿童都应作为近视防控的重点对象。Objective To investigate the myopia situation of students in Nantong City in 2021,provide a basis for the prevention and control of myopia in children and adolescents in Nantong City.Methods All municipal schools in Nantong City were investigated in 2021.Using stratified cluster sampling method,four schools were randomly selected from the main urban area of each county(city,district)and four schools were randomly selected from the selected townships,for a total of 31327 students to undergo vision examinations.And the data were analyzed.Results There were 20801 students with myopia,of which 134 wore orthokeratology lenses,and the detection rate of myopia was 66.40%.The myopia detection rate in girls was 69.30%,which was higher than that in boys(63.77%)(χ^(2)=106.966,P<0.05).The detection rate of myopia in students showed an increasing trend with the increase of academic stage(χ^(2)_(trend)=5700.878,P<0.05),and the myopia detection rate of township students was lower than that of urban students(χ^(2)=328.011,P<0.05).The detection rate of myopia among kindergarten students in townships(24.84%)was higher than that of students in urban areas(18.67%)(χ^(2)=9.249,P<0.05).Among the students with myopia,45.69%were judged to be mildly myopic,41.76%were moderately myopic,and 12.56%were severely myopic.Conclusion The detection rate of myopia among children and adolescents in Nantong City in 2021 is at a high level,and the problem of myopia is showing a younger age,while girls,urban students,and young children in rural areas should be regarded as the key objects of prevention and control.

关 键 词：近视 儿童青少年 检出率 现况分析 学段 

分 类 号：R181.37[医药卫生—流行病学]