玉米热风干燥影响因素分析及传热过程仿真模拟  

Analysis of Influencing Factors of Corn Hot AirDrying and Simulation of Heat Transfer Process

作　　者：陈思羽[1] 宋婉欣 刘春山[1] 于添 乔睿 吴文福[2] Chen Siyu;Song Wanxin;Liu Chunshan;Yu Tian;Qiao Rui;Wu Wenfu(College of Mechanical Engineering,Jiamusi University,Jiamusi 154000,China;College of Biological and Agricultural Engineering,Jilin University,Changchun 130022,China)

机构地区：[1]佳木斯大学机械工程学院,黑龙江佳木斯154000 [2]吉林大学生物与农业工程学院,长春130022

出　　处：《农机化研究》2025年第7期279-284,共6页Journal of Agricultural Mechanization Research

基　　金：佳木斯大学国家基金培育项目(JMSUGPZR2023-014);佳木斯大学教育教学改革项目(2023JY6-41);黑龙江省教育厅基础研究项目(2022-KYYWF-0589);黑龙江省田间农业装备工程技术重点实验室项目(TJNY202301);黑龙江省高等教育学会项目(23GJYBF091)。

摘　　要：基于玉米热风干燥试验,对玉米热风干燥过程影响因素显著性及响应曲面进行分析,结果表明,各因素对含水率的影响为:干燥时间>热风温度>热风风速。通过分析模型对应的响应面陡峭程度和等高线密集程度,发现含水率受热风温度与热风风速交互因素的影响较小,含水率受热风风速与干燥时间交互因素的影响较大,含水率受热风温度与干燥时间交互因素的影响极大。试验最佳工艺参数为热风温度60℃、热风风速1.3 m/s、干燥时间9 h,在此条件下玉米干燥降水效果较好。在籽粒内部热量传递研究中,采用COMSOL Multiphysics仿真软件建立了单一玉米粒的热风干燥三维模型,对玉米干燥过程传热特性进行分析。仿真结果表明:在风温40℃、风速0.7 m/s、初始温度12℃、初始含水率为23.30%条件下,当干燥时间为300 s时籽粒平均温度达到37℃,360 s后籽粒升温速度减缓;当干燥时间约为450 s时,籽粒平均条件下达到39℃,与风温基本一致。模拟工况为风温60℃、风速1.3 m/s、初始温度10.6℃、初始含水率25.26%时,干燥300 s籽粒平均温度达到56℃,干燥360 s后籽粒平均温度变化缓慢,干燥420 s后籽粒温度上升到59℃,温度与热风温度基本一致,表皮上的角质层对水分扩散和热量传递有阻挡作用。Based on the hot air drying experiment of corn,the significance of influencing factors and response surface of hot air drying process of corn were analyzed.The results showed that the influence of each factor on water content was as follows:drying time>hot air temperature>wind speed.By analyzing the response surface steepness and contour density corresponding to the model,it was found that the water content was less affected by the interaction factors of hot air temperature and wind speed.The water content was greatly affected by the interaction factors of hot air temperature and drying time.The water content was greatly affected by the interaction factors of hot air temperature and drying time.The optimum process parameters of this test were hot air temperature 60℃,hot air wind speed 1.3 m/s,drying time 9 h.Under these conditions,the drying precipitation effect of corn was better.In the study of heat transfer inside the kernel,COMSOL Multiphysics simulation software was used to establish a three-dimensional model of hot air drying of a single corn kernel and analyze the heat transfer characteristics of the corn drying process.The simulation results showed that when the wind temperature was 40℃,the wind speed was 0.7 m/s,the initial temperature was 12℃,and the initial water content was 0.23(d.b.),the average grain temperature reached 37℃when the drying time was 300 s,the grain temperature rise slowed down after 360 s,and the average grain temperature reached 39℃when the drying time was about 450 s,which was basically consistent with the wind temperature.Under the simulated conditions of wind temperature 60℃,wind speed 1.3 m/s,initial temperature 10.6℃and initial water content 0.25(d.b.),the average grain temperature reached 56℃after drying for 300 s,the average grain temperature changed slowly after 360 s,and rose to 59℃after 420 s,at which time the temperature was basically consistent with the hot air temperature.The stratum corneum on the epidermis blocks water diffusion and heat transfer.

关 键 词：玉米 热风干燥 响应曲面 热量迁移 

分 类 号：S375[农业科学—农产品加工]