制动条件下高速列车轴箱轴承振动与接触特性研究  

Research on vibration and contact characteristics of axle-box bearing of high-speed train under braking condition

作　　者：楚明 杨林川 王志伟 王权[1] 莫继良 CHU Ming;YANG Linchuan;WANG Zhiwei;WANG Quan;MO Jiliang(School of Mechanical Engineering,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 610031,China;State Key Laboratory of Rail Transit Vehicle System,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 610031,China)

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学机械工程学院,四川成都610031 [2]西南交通大学轨道交通运载系统全国重点实验室,四川成都610031

出　　处：《振动工程学报》2025年第4期706-714,共9页Journal of Vibration Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52205217,U22A20181);国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFB340-0703);四川省自然科学基金资助项目(2022NSFSC1964)。

摘　　要：轴箱轴承是高速列车的关键部件,复杂制动条件带来的轮轨激励会导致轴箱轴承振动与接触特性极其复杂且尚不明确。为此,建立了考虑制动系统及轴箱轴承的高速列车刚⁃柔耦合拖车动力学模型,并通过制动界面非线性摩擦、轮轨相互作用、轴箱轴承非线性接触和悬挂系统,实现了轴箱轴承、制动系统与车辆系统的动态耦合。进一步,开展线路试验验证了模型的有效性。基于此,研究了不同制动力下轴箱系统的振动、内部力及滚子⁃滚道接触特性。结果表明,车辆制动引起一位与二位轮对上的轴箱轴承纵向力增大,并引起轴箱系统纵向振动加剧,而车辆制动对轴箱系统的垂向振动影响较小。此外,车辆制动时盘⁃片摩擦使构架发生点头运动,这将改变一位与二位轮对的一系悬挂力,进而引起一位和二位轮对轴箱轴承垂向力分别减小和增大,并导致二位轮对轴箱轴承滚子⁃滚道最大接触应力增大。The axle-box bearing is a key component of high-speed trains,and the wheel-rail excitation caused by complex braking conditions leads to extremely complex vibration and contact characteristics of axle-box bearings and it is unclear until now.Therefore,a rigid-flexible coupled dynamics model of a high-speed train considering braking systems and axle-box bearings is established.Moreover,the braking system,axle-box bearing and vehicle system are dynamically coupled via the nonlinear friction of the braking interface,wheelrail interactions,nonlinear contact of the axle-box bearing and suspension systems.Further,the field tests are conducted to verify the effectiveness of the established model.Based on this,the vibrations,bearing internal force,and contact characteristics of axle-box bearings under different braking conditions are systematically studied.The results indicate that train braking increases the longitudinal force of the axle-box bearings on the first and second wheel-set,and enhances the longitudinal vibration.The vertical vibration of the axle-box is slightly influenced by braking.In addition,when the train brakes,the friction between disc and pad makes the pitch motion for bogie frame,causing changes in the primary suspension force on the first and second wheelset,resulting in a decrease in the vertical force of axle-box bearing on the first wheel-set,an increase in the vertical force of the axle-box bearing on the second wheel-set,and ultimately an increase in the maximum roller-raceway and contact stress of the axlebox bearing on the second wheel-set.

关 键 词：刚⁃柔耦合 轴箱轴承 振动与接触特性 制动系统 高速列车 

分 类 号：U260.11[机械工程—车辆工程] U260.331.2[交通运输工程—载运工具运用工程]