高氨氮转化酵母菌的分离鉴定及抗逆性研究  

A Study of Isolation,Identification and Stress Resistance of High-Efficiency Yeast Strains for Ammonia Nitrogen Conversion

作　　者：曹新农 陈星 李淑珍 刘英豪 刘国华[1] CAO Xinnong;CHEN Xing;LI Shuzhen;LIU Yinghao;LIU Guohua(Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Risk Assessment Laboratory of Feed Source Factors for Animal Product Quality and Safety,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Institute of Feed Research,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院饲料研究所,农业农村部动物产品质量安全饲料源性因子风险评估实验室,农业农村部饲料生物技术重点实验室,北京100081

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2025年第4期2763-2771,共9页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：中国农业科学院科技创新工程重大科研任务(CAAS-ZDRW202303)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在筛选出具有高效氨氮转化能力的酵母菌,研究其对不同环境条件下的抗逆性。在肉鸡粪便样品中筛选酵母菌,并通过分析筛选酵母菌的菌体生物量、蛋白质含量、总蛋白质得率、氨氮降解率和生长曲线等指标,得到一株具有高氨氮转化能力的酵母菌,并对其进行形态学和分子生物学鉴定。对筛选菌株进行抗逆性分析,并与常见的单细胞蛋白生产菌株进行比较。结果表明:菌株Y-7在筛选培养基中的菌体生物量为4.92 g/L,总蛋白质得率为1.76 g/L,氨氮降解率为97.63%,均显著高于其余6株菌(P<0.05)。通过比较7株疑似酵母菌的生长曲线,菌株Y-7的生长速度最快,该菌株被鉴定为克鲁斯假丝酵母(Candida krusei)。经过抗逆性对比分析,菌株Y-7的耐高温和耐高盐能力强于酿酒酵母和产朊假丝酵母。综上所述,本试验筛选出一株具有高氨氮利用能力、高生长速率和高抗逆性的克鲁斯假丝酵母,为单细胞菌体蛋白的应用提供了新的方法。This study aimed to screen yeast strains with high-efficiency ammonia nitrogen transformation capabilities and investigate their tolerance under diverse environmental conditions.Yeasts were isolated from broiler chicken manure samples,and a strain with exceptional ammonia nitrogen transformation ability was identified through comprehensive analysis of bacteria biomass,protein content,total protein yield,ammonia nitrogen degradation rate and growth kinetics.The morphological and molecular biological characterizations were subsequently conducted on the selected strain.The stress tolerance of the screened strain was evaluated and compared with common single cell protein strains.The results showed that the strain Y-7 in the screening medium exhibited a bacteria biomass of 4.92 g/L,a total protein yield of 1.76 g/L and an ammonia nitrogen degradation rate of 97.63%,all of which were significantly higher than those of the other six strains(P<0.05).Growth curve analysis of seven suspected yeast strains revealed that strain Y-7 demonstrated the fastest growth rate,and this strain was identified as Candida krusei.Comparative stress tolerance analysis revealed that strain Y-7 possessed superior heat and high-salt tolerance compared to Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Candida utilis.In summary,this study isolates a Candida krusei,which exhibits high ammonia nitrogen utilization efficiency,rapid growth rate and robust stress tolerance,offering a novel approach for the application of single cell protein.

关 键 词：酵母菌 筛选鉴定 氨氮利用 抗逆性 单细胞蛋白 

分 类 号：S811.6[农业科学—畜牧学]