中专培智学生实用语文有效课堂的构建策略  

Strategies for Constructing Effective Practical Chinese language Classrooms forVocational School Students with Intellectual Disabilities

作　　者：谢英 Ying Xie(Yunnan Vocational College of Special Education,Kunming,Yunnan 650504)

机构地区：[1]云南特殊教育职业学院,云南昆明650504

出　　处：《教育教学研究前沿》2025年第4期72-74,共3页Frontiers of Education and Teaching Research

基　　金：云南省教育厅科学研究基金项目:绘本教学在中职智障学生语文教学中的应用研究,项目编号:2023J2012。

摘　　要：本文以中专培智学生实用语文课堂有效性建构为切入点,基于特殊学生的认知特点与学习需求,从实用性层面构建“分层递进式”教学策略体系,通过文献分析与实践观察,发现当前培智语文教学存在的目标泛化、方法失当、评价缺位等突出问题。基于建构主义与多元智能理论,提出“分层递进式”教学策略,即构建“基础——补偿——发展”三级目标体系、开发生活化主题教学模块、实施“情境模拟——任务拆解——支架辅助”三步教学法、创设“可视化+游戏化”多元互动课堂、建立动态化个别化支持系统等五大核心策略。通过教学实验发现,该策略体系可以提高培智学生语言理解与表达能力,为特殊教育语文教学改革提供实践参照。This article takes the construction of the effectiveness of practical Chinese language classrooms for vocational school students with intellectual disabilities as the starting point.Based on the cognitive characteristics and learning needs of special students,a"layered and progressive"teaching strategy system is constructed from the practical level.Through literature analysis and practical observation,prom⁃inent problems such as goal generalization,inappropriate methods,and lack of evaluation in current intellectual Chinese language teaching are found.Based on constructivism and the theory of multiple intelligences,a"layered and progressive"teaching strategy is proposed,which includes constructing a three-level goal system of"foundation compensation development",developing a life oriented theme teaching mod⁃ule,implementing a three-step teaching method of"scenario simulation task decomposition scaffolding assistance",creating a"visualiza⁃tion+gamification"multi-dimensional interactive classroom,and establishing a dynamic individualized support system.Through teaching experiments,it has been found that this strategy system can improve the language comprehension and expression abilities of students with intellectual disabilities,providing practical reference for the reform of Chinese language teaching in special education.

关 键 词：培智学生 语文 有效课堂教学 

分 类 号：G760[文化科学—特殊教育学]