错误信息更正后的编码和提取  

Encoding and Retrieval after Correcting the Misinformation

作　　者：贾广珍[1] 刘爱心 董及美[1] 陈功香[1] Jia Guangzhen;Liu Aixin;Dong Jimei;Chen Gongxiang(School of Education and Psychology,University of Jinan,Jinan 250022)

机构地区：[1]济南大学教育与心理科学学院,济南250022

出　　处：《心理学探新》2025年第2期129-135,共7页Psychological Exploration

基　　金：全国教育科学规划“十三五”规划2020年度教育部重点课题(DBA200294)。

摘　　要：通过两个实验探讨错误信息持续影响效应的心理机制,被试阅读新闻材料后对相关问题进行正误判断,从而考察有、无更正以及不同更正方式对错误信息的记忆和后续推理活动的影响。结果发现,错误信息持续影响效应不仅与编码阶段错误信息的更新不足有关,也与提取阶段更正信息的竞争失败有关,而且,错误信息和更正信息的对立冲突会影响信息的激活和提取。实验结果支持了心理模型更新的观点和选择提取模型,并且补充和拓展了选择提取模型。Two experiments were conducted to investigate the psychological mechanisms underlying the continued influence effect of misinformation.Participants read news articles and made judgments on related questions to examine how different correction methods impacted their memory of and subsequent reasoning about misinformation.The results showed that the continued influence effect of misinformation(CIEM)is linked to both insufficient updating of misinformation during encoding and the failure of retracted information to compete effectively during retrieval.Additionally,the conflict between misinformation and retracted information was found to influence the activation and retrieval of information.The findings support the model-updating account and the selective-retrieval model,while also extending and enriching the selective-retrieval model.

关 键 词：错误信息持续影响效应 重复否定更正 直接替换更正 间接替换更正 

分 类 号：B842.5[哲学宗教—基础心理学]