论笛卡尔的求真方法与求生准则之间的关系  

On the relationship between Descartes'method of seeking the truth and his code of conduct

作　　者：黄启祥 HUANG Qixiang(School of Marxism,Hainan University,Haikou 570228,China)

机构地区：[1]海南大学马克思主义学院,海南海口570228

出　　处：《海南大学学报(人文社会科学版)》2025年第3期1-8,F0002,共9页Journal of Hainan University (Humanities & Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目(19ZDA031)。

摘　　要：笛卡尔在《谈谈方法》中阐述了求真方法之后又提出了求生准则。这个求生准则与求真方法之间存在一种张力,即他依照求生准则认为他应当笃信的东西不能以求真方法为基础来加以理解。求真方法与求生准则之间的这种关系既反映了思辨知识与实践知识之间的矛盾,又反映了当时科学(1)与宗教的对立。求生准则虽然在理论上与求真方法相抵触,但是其目的在于缓和现实中求真与求生之间的冲突,保障求真方法的运用,以便重建真理体系,就此而言两者又是一致的。进一步考察笛卡尔的宗教信仰及其时代特征,会发现他在阐述求真方法的同时提出求生准则,可能还缘自他的宗教信仰与宗教情感,而这与那个时代的精神生活密切相关。Descartes,after expounding the method of seeking the truth in his Discourse on the Method,proposes his code of conduct.There is a tension between this code of conduct and the method of seeking the truth.According to the code of conduct,he holds what he should believe cannot be understood on the basis of the method of seeking the truth.This relationship between these two reflects the general contradiction between speculative knowledge and practical knowledge,as well as the antagonism between science and religion at that time.Although the code of conduct contradicts the truth-seeking method in theory,its purpose lies in alleviating the conflict between truth-seeking and life-seeking in reality,and safeguarding the application of the truth-seeking method to reconstruct the system of truth.In this regard,these two are consistent.A further examination of Descartes'religious belief and the characteristics of his times reveals that he puts forward the code of conduct while expounding the truth-seeking method,which may also be attributed to his religious belief and sentiments that are closely related to the spiritual life of that era.

关 键 词：笛卡尔 求真方法 求生准则 

分 类 号：B565.21[哲学宗教—外国哲学]