现场工程师的概念廓清与实然探明  

Clarification of the Concept and Empirical Exploration of Field Engineers

作　　者：余雅兰 匡瑛[1] Yu Yalan;Kuang Ying(Institute of Vocational and Adult Education,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200062,China)

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学职业教育与成人教育研究所,上海200062

出　　处：《职教论坛》2025年第4期37-45,共9页Journal of Vocational Education

基　　金：国家社会科学基金“十三五”规划教育学重大招标课题“职业教育类型特征及其与普通教育‘双轨制’‘双通制’体系构建研究”(编号:VJA200003),主持人:匡瑛。

摘　　要：现场工程师不仅是工程技术实践的重要执行者,更是在技术落地与现场实施过程中承担关键枢纽作用的专业群体。伴随技术产业化进程加快导致的人才技术需求上移以及我国技术创新面临的“卡脖子”挑战,现场工程师作为从传统工程技术体系中分化出的核心角色,已成为现实生产场域中不可或缺的职业群体。在明确其概念边界与范畴归属的基础上,现场工程师可被视为技术工程师的下位概念,是其在特定工作场域中具体化、任务化的职业分支,强调技术转化能力与现场管理;两者在职业体系中体现出“职能分支”与“发展进阶”的双重关系。结合国际能力标准及国内实地访谈资料,现场工程师的核心能力可归纳为三维结构:以“个人特质”为任务开展的前置基础,以“基础知识与技能”为胜任复杂工况的能力储备,以“专业应用能力”为现场问题解决的集中体现。该能力结构不仅勾勒出现场工程师的职业画像,也为职业教育中该类人才的系统化培养奠定了方向基础。Field engineers are not only key executors of engineering and technical practices but also serve as crucial bridges connecting knowledge to the field,and plans to finished products.With the accelerated industrialization of technology leading to an upward shift in talent and technical demands,field engineers have become an indispensable professional group in real production environments.They face the bottleneck challenges of technological innovation in our country as a core role differentiated from the traditional engineering technical system.Field engineers can be regarded as a subcategory of technical engineers,representing a specific and task-oriented branch of the profession in particular work contexts.This role emphasizes technical transformation capabilities and on-site management,exhibiting a dual relationship of functional branching and development progression within the professional system.The core competencies of field engineers can be summarized into a three-dimensional structure by combining international competency standards with domestic interview data.This structure includes personal attributes as the foundational basis for task execution,fundamental knowledge and skills as the capacity reserve for coping with complex work conditions,and professional application ability as the concentrated embodiment of problem-solving in the field.This competency structure not only outlines the professional profile of field engineers but also lays a foundational direction for the systematic cultivation of such talents in vocational education.

关 键 词：现场工程师 技术工程师 职业教育 能力 

分 类 号：G710[文化科学—职业技术教育学]