按照“美的规律”涵养教师美德:从他律到自律  

Conserving the Virtues of Teachers Through the Permeation of“Law of Beauty”from Heteronomy to Autonomy

作　　者：李进 赵伶俐[1] LI Jin;ZHAO Lingli(Faculty of Education,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China;School of Physical Education,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China)

机构地区：[1]西南大学教育学部,重庆400715 [2]西南大学体育学院,重庆400715

出　　处：《教师教育学报》2025年第3期19-27,共9页Journal of Teacher Education

基　　金：2024年重庆市教育委员会人文社会科学研究一般项目“新时代高校师范生师德审美化育研究”(24SKSZ009),项目负责人:李进;重庆市教育评价改革高等教育研究中心2024年教育评价改革研究专项课题“师德涵养与评价的审美之维”(SWU2409314),项目负责人:李进。

摘　　要：促进师德从他律向自律转化是新时代教师发展的重要命题。国家和教育部出台了一系列政策,明确了坚守教师道德底线与培育高尚美德的双重导向。美是纯洁道德、丰富精神的重要源泉。美育可以帮助人陶冶情操、滋养心灵,教师经由这一教化方式的浸润而涵养的道德即为美德。教师审美素养是涵养教师美德的关键支撑,在激发教师道德情感、提升教师道德认知、坚定理想信念、激励教师自律自强等方面都具有重要作用,其独特价值在人工智能时代愈发凸显。马克思关于“美的规律”的论述,构成了马克思主义美学思想的逻辑起点,应将“按照美的规律”这一理念,深度融入教师审美素养的培育和美德目标的达成过程中。在构建师德长效机制时,需要明确“公民美德—专业美德—审美人格”的养成目标体系,实施包含增强师德意识认同、促进师德行为内化、强化师德习惯养成、完善师德考核评价、优化师德反馈机制、促进师德境界再提升等环节且持续迭代升级的内化路径。引导教师实现从道德他律到美德自律的转变,这是师德教育应当追求的崇高目标,也是师德成长的必由之路。Promoting the transformation of teacher ethics from heteronomy to autonomy is an important proposition for teacher development in the new era,and a series of policies made by the State and the Ministry of Education have made it clear that the dual objectives are to defend teachers'ethical bottom line and cultivate noble virtues.Beauty,as a foundation of moral and spiritual enrichment,enables educationalists to internalize virtues through aesthetic pedagogy.Teachers'aesthetic literacy,anchored in Marxist principles of“aesthetic laws”,serves as a critical lever for ethical development,enhancing moral cognition,stimulating ethical emotions,and fostering self-discipline,particularly in the AI era.A sustainable ethical framework must integrate three dimensions:civic virtues,professional ethics,and aesthetic personality.This requires a systematic internalization process:reinforcing ethical awareness,habitualizing moral practices,refining evaluations,and elevating ethical autonomy.The goal lies in transcending heteronomous morality to achieve autonomous virtue,which is a hallmark of ethical maturity and professional growth.

关 键 词：美育浸润 教师美德 美的规律 审美素养 他律与自律 

分 类 号：G40-014[文化科学—教育学原理]