表面缺陷间距及排列对钢轨滚动接触疲劳损伤影响  

Effect of Surface Defect Spacing and Alignment on Rail Rolling Contact Fatigue Damage

作　　者：张沭玥 王文健[1] 林强[1] 郭俊[1] 刘启跃[1] MAKSYM Spriyagin QING Wu ZHANG Shuyue;WANG Wenjian;LIN Qiang;GUO Jun;LIU Qiyue;MAKSYM Spriyagin;QING Wu(Tribology Research Institute,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 610031;Centre for Railway Engineering,Central Queensland University,Rockhampton,QLD 4701,Australia)

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学摩擦学研究所,成都610031 [2]中央昆士兰大学铁路工程中心,澳大利亚洛坎普顿4701

出　　处：《机械工程学报》2025年第6期194-205,共12页Journal of Mechanical Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52320105007,52375205,51975489);四川省自然科学基金重点(2022NSFSC0036)资助项目。

摘　　要：为研究钢轨表面多个缺陷间的相互影响,通过表面缺陷制备装置在钢轨试样表面预制了圆锥形表面缺陷(深度h≈450μm,夹角θ≈60°且表面圆直径d≈0.6 mm),利用轮轨滚动磨损试验机及ABAQUS有限元仿真软件,研究了表面缺陷间距及排列对钢轨试样滚动接触疲劳损伤及其微观组织演变的影响。研究结果表明,相较于单个缺陷而言,当横向与纵向排列缺陷间距分别小于3.5 mm(6d)和1 mm(1.5d)时,两缺陷在轮轨滚动接触过程中存在相互影响,缺陷需较长时间被磨除,材料损伤区域、接触应力影响区域及残留裂纹深度最高可分别增至单个缺陷的2.5、4.5和1.5倍。当横向与纵向排列缺陷间距分别大于4 mm(6.5d)和1.5 mm(2.5d)时,两缺陷间基本无相互影响。在临界间距内的两缺陷附近材料损伤程度随间距增大而加剧。研究结果对现场服役钢轨维修养护作业具有一定的参考意义。In order to study the interaction between multiple defects on the rail surface,the surface defect(depth h≈450μm,intersection angleθ≈60°and the diameter of circular surface d≈0.6 mm)were prepared on the rail sample based on the defect preparation apparatus.Rolling contact fatigue damage and microstructure evolution of rail samples with surface defect clusters in different spacing and alignment were studied using the twin-disc wheel/rail rolling-sliding wear testing machine and the ABAQUS finite element simulation software.The results show that compared with the single defect,once the spacing between two defects aligned transversely and longitudinally was less than 3.5 mm(6d)and 1 mm(1.5d)respectively,the two defects would affect each other during the wheel/rail rolling contact process,and the defects would need a longer time to be removed.The material damage area,the area that influenced by contact stress and the remaining crack depth could be increased to 2.5,4.5 and 1.5 times of the single defect respectively.Meanwhile,once the spacing between transverse and longitudinal defects was greater than 4 mm(6.5d)and 1.5 mm(2.5d)respectively,there was basically no interaction between the two defects.In addition,damage degree of the material around the two defects within the critical distance increased with the increase in the spacing.Research results have a certain reference significance for the field rail maintenance.

关 键 词：表面缺陷 临界间距 滚动接触疲劳 微观组织演变 裂纹深度 

分 类 号：TH117[机械工程—机械设计及理论]