从王阳明“圣人之志”看中国古代士人的理想修养  

The Sage Concept of Wang Yangming:From Moral Perfection to the Popularization of Confucianism

作　　者：李姝睿 常晋阳 LI Shu-rui;CHANG Jin-yang(School of Marxism,Qinghai Normal University,Xining 810016,China)

机构地区：[1]青海师范大学马克思主义学院,青海西宁810016

出　　处：《青海师范大学学报(社会科学版)》2025年第1期58-63,共6页Journal of Qinghai Normal University(Social Sciences)

基　　金：青海师范大学校级精品课程建设项目“中华优秀传统文化概论”。

摘　　要：自先秦诸子以“圣人”形态构建政治理想,到王阳明“天地一体仁”表达“圣人之志”,中国古代士人对于天与人、人在天地间的造化和修养思考趋于成熟。文章从“精金成色”之喻切入,探讨王阳明“四民皆可为圣人”的主张。指出王阳明从年少时提出“圣人之志”,到发明本心、致良知、天地一体,圣人之学从内及外;从“心纯乎理”到“心之良知是谓圣”,使得“圣人必可学而至”。打破了“圣人不可慕也”的界限,“圣人之学不出乎尽心”,止于“天地一体之仁”。不仅是王阳明对圣人之志的完善,更是对宇宙人生认识的一体化。The sage is a symbol of the ideal personality in Confucianism.Wang Yangming’s“aspiration to sagehood”evolves from discovering the original mind and realizing innate knowledge to achieving unity with heaven and earth.His idea of sagehood transitions from“the mind being purely rational”to“the innate knowledge of the mind being sagehood”,driving the popularization of the Confucian concept of the sage.This article uses the analogy of“refined gold”to analyze Wang Yangming’s proposition that“anyone among the four classes of society can become a sage”,making sagehood achievable through learning.Wang Yangming put forward the concepts of the essence of the mind being without good or evil,the movement of intention involving good and evil,innate knowledge distinguishing good and evil,and rectifying things by doing good and eliminating evil.His notion of sagehood as the unity of knowledge and action not only breaks the boundary between social classes and the realm of sagehood but also promotes the universalization and equalization of the sage ideal.

关 键 词：王阳明 圣人观 德性 天地一体 

分 类 号：B248.2[哲学宗教—中国哲学]