新高考选择性对高中学生发展的影响研究——基于浙江省高考综合改革实践  

The Impact of New Gaokao Selectivity on the Development of High School Students:A Case Study of Comprehensive Reform Practice in Zhejiang Province

作　　者：李金波[1] 王向东 LI Jinbo;WANG Xiangdong(Zhejiang Education Examinations Authority,Hangzhou 310012,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江省教育考试院,杭州310012

出　　处：《中国考试》2025年第5期27-34,共8页journal of China Examinations

基　　金：2025年度浙江省教育规划课题“浙江省新高考试点改革十年(2014-2024年)的回顾与跟踪评价研究”(2025SB08)。

摘　　要：新高考改革赋予高中生多样化的选择空间,不仅实现了学生科目选考的文理融合,弱化了一考定终身的弊端,还使城乡、男女、不同水平的高中学校、不同区域的学生群体之间学业成绩差距有所缩小,从而提升了学生的综合素质和选择能力,促进了教育公平。与此同时,改革不得不面对选考科目及科目组合间人数不均衡、学生群体间科目选考人数差异明显、高校录取差异显著、学生生涯规划教育不足等挑战。面向未来,高考综合改革应进一步优化赋分办法、强化高中生生涯规划教育、扩大选考选录,进一步深化高校招生机制改革,促进学生全面发展。The comprehensive reform of the Gaokao has granted high school students diverse selection options,successfully integrating liberal arts and science subjects while mitigating the drawback of a single-examination determinism.This reform has reduced academic performance disparities among student groups across urban-rural divides,gender-based differences,school tiers,and geographical regions,thereby enhancing students'comprehensive competencies,decision-making capacities,and professional orientation possibilities.Nevertheless,the reform confronts several challenges,including an imbalanced distribution of examinees across elective subjects and subject combinations,significant discrepancy in enrollment numbers across various subjects among different student groups,substantial differences in university admissions,and deficiencies in students'career planning education.Future reform of Gaokao should focus on optimizing scoring methods,strengthening career planning education for high school students,expanding elective subject options,and deepening the reform of university admission mechanisms to foster holistic student development.

关 键 词：新高考 科目选考 生涯规划教育 学生发展 浙江高考 

分 类 号：G405[文化科学—教育学原理]