基于国家安全视角的生态安全问题研究进展与思考——以西部典型生态脆弱区为例  

Research Progress and Reflections on Ecological Security Issues from a National Security Perspective——A Case Study of Typical Ecologically Fragile Areas in Western China

作　　者：周源涛 曲书锋 张国明[1] ZHOU Yuantao;QU Shufeng;ZHANG Guoming

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学国家安全与应急管理学院

出　　处：《社会治理》2025年第2期43-59,共17页Social Governance Review

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目“中国北方农牧交错带土壤多营力复合侵蚀变化与风险评估”(编号:42330502)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：生态安全是国家安全体系的重要组成部分,对生态安全问题的认识已被纳入总体国家安全观战略框架。从总体国家安全观新视角出发,重新审视、定义和统筹生态安全问题,是对生态学研究的深化和拓展,也是对国家安全学的丰富和完善。目前,国内对国家安全视角下区域生态安全问题的研究尚处于起步阶段。本文归纳了国家安全视角下的生态安全定义,梳理了国家生态安全战略的发展进程,分析了国家安全与生态安全的内在逻辑,在大量查阅生态安全与国家安全领域研究文献基础上,总结了不同时期研究视角的变化。并以西北干旱区和青藏高寒区两个典型生态脆弱区为例,具体分析了总体国家安全观提出前后学界对生态安全问题关注点的转变。结果表明:(1)当前对生态安全问题的关注已从单一学术探讨层面,上升至国家治理的战略决策高度,且被系统纳入新时代坚持和发展中国特色社会主义的基本方略,建构起融合战略规划力与法治执行力的总体安全治理体系;(2)从国家安全视角审视西部典型生态脆弱区,研究既涵盖了生态安全的核心内涵——聚焦人类生存与发展的关键议题,又延伸至其外延领域——评估对传统国家安全体系的潜在影响,且在生态与灾害的关系、跨流域生态治理以及生态文明建设等方面取得了大量新进展。基于上述分析展望了区域生态安全的总体战略与未来研究方向,为优化生态脆弱区治理决策、协调总体国家安全目标与区域可持续发展实践提供了方法论支撑。Ecological security constitutes a critical component of the national security framework,with its conceptualization now formally integrated into the strategic architecture of the holistic approach to national security.Re-examining,redefining,and systematically addressing ecological security issues through this novel perspective represents both a deepening and expansion of ecological research,as well as enrichment and refinement of national security studies.Current research on regional ecological security within the national security context remains in its formative stage.This paper consolidated the definition of ecological security from the national security perspective,traced the developmental trajectory of national ecological security strategies,and deciphered the intrinsic links between national and ecological security.Through extensive literature review across both domains,we systematically mapped the evolving research paradigms across historical periods.By examining two representative ecologically fragile zones—the Northwest Arid Region and Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Alpine Region—this work revealed shifts in scholarly focus on ecological security before and after the formalization of the holistic approach to national security.Results show that:(1)Contemporary ecological security concerns have transitioned from singledimensional academic inquiry to strategic decision-making in national governance,being systematically incorporated into the basic strategy of upholding and developing socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era,thereby establishing an integrated security governance framework that synergizes strategic planning capacity and legal enforcement mechanisms;(2)Analysis of western ecologically vulnerable regions through the perspective of national security involves two interconnected dimensions:the core essence of ecological security,focusing on existential challenges to human survival and sustainable development;and its extended implications,which evaluate potential effects on traditional natio

关 键 词：总体国家安全观 国家安全视角 生态安全 青藏高寒区 西北干旱区 

分 类 号：X171.4[环境科学与工程—环境科学]