中华绒螯蟹三倍体群体早期生长及营养的研究  

STUDY ON GROWTH AND NUTRITION OF TRIPLOIDS YOUNG ERIOCHEIR SINENSIS

作　　者：崔朝霞[1] 相建海[1] 周岭华[1] 丁茂昌 宋林生[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院海洋研究所,青岛266071 [2]山东中华绒螯蟹繁育有限公司,东营257000

出　　处：《海洋与湖沼》2003年第1期19-25,共7页Oceanologia Et Limnologia Sinica

基　　金：瑞典国际基金 (IFS)资助项目 A/3 2 2 5 1号 ;国家海洋 863资助项目 ;D0 1 963 0 5 1号

摘　　要：将中华绒螯蟹三倍体大眼幼体群体 (三倍体率 64.38% )在池塘中养殖 ,对其早期生长及营养进行测定。结果表明 ,从三倍体群体自身的生长状况看 ,放养后 68— 78天是整个测量期间三倍体群体生长最快的阶段 ,其中壳长增长显著 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,壳宽和体重的增加极显著 (P <0 .0 1 )。与二倍体群体相比 ,放养后 68— 1 0 6天 ,三倍体群体在壳长、壳宽、体重上都表现出明显的生长优势 (P <0 .0 1 )。三倍体幼蟹蟹体氨基酸总量高于正常二倍体幼蟹 ,必需氨基酸中苏氨酸、苯丙氨酸、缬氨酸、亮氨酸、精氨酸、异亮氨酸、组氨酸和赖氨酸的含量高于二倍体 ,而蛋氨酸的含量则低于二倍体幼蟹。蟹体中不饱和脂肪酸所占比例三倍体幼蟹低于正常二倍体 ,EPA、DHA及多不饱和脂肪酸所占的比例也低于二倍体。结果表明 ,三倍体幼蟹的生长比正常二倍体具有优势 ,并且在营养组成上也和二倍体有所差异。Growth and nutrition are important to assess the quality of triploid crab. The populations of megalopae triploids (64.38%) and diploids Chinese mitten handed crab Eriocheir sinensis were cultured under the same condition to compare their growth performance and the nutrition. The growth rate of triploid population was highest during the period of 68—78 days after being cultured, the shell length increased significantly ( P <0.05), the shell width and the weight increased great significantly ( P <0.01). The growth of triploid stock showed obvious advantage when compared with diploid stock during 68 to 106 days ( P <0.01). Phenylalanine, valine, arginine, threonine, leucine, isoleucine, histidine and lysine were higher and methionine in triploids was lower than that in diploids. The percentage of unsaturated fatty acid, EPA, DHA and poly unsaturated fatty acid in triploids was lower than that in diploids. The results indicated that the triploid young crabs showed growth advantage over the diploids during the culture period, and the nutrition was also different between triploids and diploids of young Eriocheir sinensis.

关 键 词：营养 中华绒螯蟹 三倍体幼蟹 生长 氨基酸 不饱和脂肪酸 

分 类 号：S966.16[农业科学—水产养殖]