司马迁、班固“实录”精神异趣探源  

Sima Qian's and Ban Gu's spirit of veritable recording

作　　者：张光全[1] 

机构地区：[1]阜阳师范学院历史系,安徽阜阳236032

出　　处：《安徽大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2003年第3期96-100,共5页Journal of Anhui University(Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition)

摘　　要：司马迁、班固在著史“实录”精神上的异趣 ,究其根由 ,除了他们的个人经历、识见不尽相同外 ,关键还在于两人身处的社会环境不同。在司马迁所处的时代 ,文化专制刚刚开始 ,“为尊者讳”的社会风气还未形成 ,司马迁尚能比较自由地著书立说。班固之时 ,随着专制统治的加强 ,人们在评事论政时顾忌颇多 ,“讳君亲之恶”已成一种时习 ,而班固著书又受到最高当权者的直接干预 ,这使得他在许多问题上只能趋于正统。Ban Gu was inferior to Sima Qian in the spirit of veritable recording. The essential reason lies in the different social and historical environment in which they lived respectively. In Sima Qian's time, there was a weak trend in society to conceal and avoid the misdeeds and mistakes of the honorable. Therefore, he was free in writing books. While in Ban Gu's era, with the consolidation of autocratic system, people hesitated to commend on the current affairs. Ban Gu's work was heavily interfered by the authorities, which forced him to show conservatism and orthodox in many affairs.

关 键 词：司马迁 班固 实录 

分 类 号：K092[历史地理—历史学]