论100m跑加速能力的三个因素及因素之间的关系  

Three Elements of the Ability of Acceleration in 100m Sprint and the Relations Between the Elements

作　　者：张青[1] 

机构地区：[1]广州体育学院,广东广州510075

出　　处：《广州体育学院学报》2002年第2期55-56,62,共3页Journal of Guangzhou Sport University

摘　　要：理论联系实际对加速能力进行了全面分析,认为:加速能力如何,应从三个方面来看:1.达到最高速度之前所跑距离的长短;2.通过加速所达到最高速度水平的高低;3.加速的连贯性如何。从理论上讲,一名优秀的100m跑运动员应在三个方面都表现突出。而实际上,在100m跑中,加速能力不同方面的表现有着某种相互制约的关系。即,某一加速能力在100m跑中得到体现或提高,在某种程度上会以牺牲其它方面加速能力的发挥为代价。在100m跑中,通过合理的加速方式或节奏,发挥出或提高最高速度水平最为重要,但要处理好加速能力其它方面的发挥与“发挥出最高速度”之间的关系。要提高最高速度的水平,实际上就是要发展加速能力。全面发展加速能力是努力方向。Integrating theory with practice, the paper has analysed the ability of acceleration of 100m sprint all sidedly.Thinking: How the ability of acceleration should be seen in three aspects:①The distance of running before getting to the highest speed. ②The level of the highest speed that sprinters can get to.③The continuity of acceleration. In theory, an outstanding 100m-sprint athlete should display his ability of acceleration in all the three aspects outstandingly.But,in fact,there is a certain relation of being restricted each other in the displaying of three aspects of the ability of acceleration in 100m sprint. If a certain aspect of the ability is displayed or improved in 100 sprint, other aspect of the ability is restricted by that. It is the most important to display or improve the level of highest speed in 100m sprint by means of suitable way of acceleration. But it is required to handle the relation between the displaying of highest speed and the displaying of the other ability of acceleration adequately.To improve the level of the highest speed, in fact, is just to improve the ability of acceleration.To improve the ability of acceleration in all the three aspects is direction of 100m-sprint training.

关 键 词：短跑 100M跑 加速能力 最高速度水平 相互制约 关键因素 训练方法 

分 类 号：G822.1[文化科学—体育训练]