雉科基部类群分子钟的标定  

CALIBRATION OF BASAL PHASIANIDAE MOLECULAR CLOCK

作　　者：张原[1] 张正旺[1] 郑楠[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学生命科学学院

出　　处：《北京师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2003年第4期525-530,共6页Journal of Beijing Normal University(Natural Science)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目 (39830 0 30 )

摘　　要：使用 10个细胞色素b蛋白质全序列对雉科基部类群的分子钟进行了顺序标定 .以鸡形目 /雁形目的分歧时间作为锚定点 ,估计雉科 /珠鸡科 林鹑科的分歧时间为 (46 .94± 7.2 7)× 10 6aBP ,Francolinus/Bambusicola Gallus,Bambusicola/Gallus和Gallusgallus/G .sonneratii的分歧时间为 (40 .36± 8.4 0 )× 10 6 ,(35 .5 3± 8.15 )× 10 6 和 (8.5 2± 3.89)× 10 6 aBP .基于生物地理格局 ,我们推测 :①雉科起源于同南美洲分离之后的非洲 ;②在Francolinus的分化过程中 ,该属的某些成员通过印度的漂移从非洲进入欧亚大陆 ;③侵入新的生境后 ,Bambusicola和Gallus的共同祖先迅速从地Francolinus分歧出来 ;④原始的Bambusicola被Gallus排挤到南中国地区 ;⑤Gallus的祖先种分裂为大陆型和岛屿型 2类 ,前者分化为Gallusgallus和G .sonneratii,后者则分化为G .lafayettei和G .varius.估计结果同前两点假设是一致的 .With galliform/anseriform divergence time as anchor point, molecular clock of basal Phasianidae is sequentially calibrated using 10 cytochrome b protein complete sequences. The estimation of the split between Phasianidae/Numidoidae-Odontophoridae is (46.94±7 27)×10 6 a BP.. The divergence time of Francolinus/Bambusicola-Gallus, Bambusicola/Gallus , and Gallus gallus/G. sonneratii is estimated to be (40.36±8.40)×10 6, (35.53±8.15)×10 6, and (8.52±3.89)×10 6 a BP. respectively. Based on the biogeographical pattern, it is inferred that: ① Phasianidae originated in Africa separated from South America; ② During the divergence process of Francolinus , some members of this genus arrived from Africa to Europe-Asia Land by the drift of India; ③ After the invasion into new environment, the common ancestors of Bambusicola and Gallus rapidly diverged from Francolinus ; ④ The primitive Bambusicola was squeezed by Gallus to South China; ⑤ The ancestors of Gallus splited into two types: land-type and island-type. The former splited into Gallus gallus and G. sonneratii , and the latter into G. lafayettei and G. varius . The estimation is consistent with the first and second hypotheses.

关 键 词：雉科基部类群 分歧时间 分子钟 顺序标定 生物地理学 鸟类 进化生物学 

分 类 号：Q951.23[生物学—动物学] Q959.725