机器翻译中汉语动结式生成的过程和困难  

Problems in generating Chinese verb-resultative constructions in machine translation

作　　者：傅爱平[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院语言研究所,100732

出　　处：《中国语文》2003年第1期32-42,共11页Studies of the Chinese Language

摘　　要：动结式述补结构是汉语里很有特点的一种结构,在机器翻译中处理这种结构有很多困难。在外语译成汉浯时,源语(例如英语)往往没有相当于汉语动结式的结构,也很难用转换规则把英语的某些结构形式与汉语动结式联系起来。所以除非用个别处理的办法,目前的机器翻译系统很难生成汉语的动结式译文。要让机器翻译系统有生成动结式的能力,需要识别源语句子要表达的意思,根据意义表达的要求,选择汉语词语,确定动结式的语义关系和结构形式,最后生成句子的表层。汉语句法和语义研究是生成动结式的基础。本文试图从这个角度说明动结式的生成过程以及要解决的问题,通过个例观察动词和结果补语之间在语义上的组合情况,着重讨论一种根据组成成分之间的语义关系选择句法结构的方法。希望能够说明机器翻译对汉语研究的一些需要。In machine translation, we always have problems with analysis and generation of verb-resultative(VR) constructions in Mandarin Chinese. This paper describes briefly the generating process of VR constructions and presents some of the problems, including the identification of VR constituents in the meaning representations to be generated, the selection of predicate verb (PV) / resultative verb (RV) and the assignment of their arguments, the semantic composition of PV and RV, the integration of valence structure of VR, and mapping VR' s semantic structures into syntactic structures. The paper also illustrates the composition of PV and RV based on their semantic categories, and proposes a set of rules for mapping semantic structures of VR with two arguments into restricted number of sentence patterns.

关 键 词：机器翻译 汉语 动结式 生成过程 动词 结果补语 语义结构 句法 

分 类 号：H085[语言文字—语言学] TP391.2[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]