先前知识、超文本层次深度和类型对低结构化信息搜索的影响  

Effects of Prior Knowledge, Hierarchy Depth and Type of Hypertext on the Search Performances of Chinese Information with a Low Structure Level

作　　者：张智君[1] 沈昉[1] 朱伟[1] 江程铭[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学西溪校区心理与行为科学系,杭州310028

出　　处：《心理科学》2003年第4期680-683,共4页Journal of Psychological Science

基　　金：浙江省自然科学基金(301076);浙江省教育厅资助项目

摘　　要：探讨先前知识、超文本层次深度和类型对低结构化中文信息搜索的影响。采用2(先前知识)×8(文本组织形式)的被试间设计,以平均搜索时间和迷路指数为因变量。结果发现:(1)先前知识对线性文本和超文本(尤其是层次型超文本)的搜索均有利;(2)随着层次深度的增加,对超文本的搜索时间显著增加,迷路指数也呈增加的趋势;(3)搜索线性文本的迷路指数显著低于超文本;(4)不同类型超文本的搜索绩效基本无显著差异。因此,先前知识、层次深度对超文本信息搜索的影响比超文本类型和信息的结构化水平更重要。The effects of prior knowledge, and the hierarchy depth and type of hypertext on the search performances of Chinese information with a low structure level were examined. A 2 X 8 experiment design with 8 repeats was employed. The independent variables were prior knowledge and text organization forms. The dependent variables were the mean search time and lostness. The results were as follows: (1) the search performances for linear texts and hypertexts, especially for hierarchical hypertexts, were significantly favored by prior knowledge of the users; (2) the search time significantly increased with the increase of hierarchy depth, and the level of lostness also tended to increase accordingly; (3) the level of lostness for linear texts was significantly lower than for hypertexts; (4) There were no obvious differences among hierarchical, mixed and network hypertexts as a whole. It may be concluded that prior knowledge and hierarchy depth of hypertexts had much important influences on the search perf ormances of Chinese information.

关 键 词：先前知识 层次深度 超文本类型 信息搜索 迷路指数 搜索时间 文本组织形式 搜索绩效 文本结构 

分 类 号：G44[哲学宗教—心理学]