中尺度数值预报模式初边值作用的试验研究  

EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF THE ROLE OF INITIAL AND BOUNDARY CONDITIONS IN MESOSCALE NUMERICAL WEATHER PREDICTION

作　　者：闫敬华[1] MAJEWSKI Detlev 

机构地区：[1]中国气象局广州热带海洋气象研究所,广东广州510080 [2]Duetscher Wetterdinst,Offenbach,Germany

出　　处：《热带气象学报》2003年第4期337-344,共8页Journal of Tropical Meteorology

基　　金：国家"973"(中国暴雨试验研究)项目;德国BMBF(WTZ-Project:CHN01/106)项目联合资助

摘　　要：通过一次影响华南地区的锋面降水过程实例,进行了静力与非静力中尺度模式、不同驱动模式、不同初边值组合、不同边值更新周期、不同起报时次等27组对比试验。较全面细致地从不同侧面分析讨论了初、边值对中尺度模式的影响规律及特点,得出了一些有学术和应用价值的结论。如中尺度模式预报的总体趋势决定于其驱动模式,初值仅显著影响中尺度模式大约前10小时的预报,以后的预报趋势则主要决定于边值的信息;边值对模式内区的影响主要通过各种时间尺度天气信息(天气波动)的传播和移动来实现;土壤含水量等模式外参量初值可影响较长时效的预报;模式通过边界只能引入大于等于边值更新周期4倍的时间尺度的信息,更快的信息则被过滤掉;等等。其中一些结论对今后发展中尺度数值预报及其资料同化具有参考价值。Based on the real case of a frontal precipitation process affecting South China, 27 controlled numerical experiments was made for the effects of hydrostatic and non-hydrostatic effects, different driving models, combinations of initial/boundary conditions, updates of lateral values and initial time levels of forecast, on model predictions. Features about the impact of initial/boundary conditions on mesoscale numerical weather prediction (NWP) model are analyzed and discussed in detail. Some theoretically and practically valuable conclusions are drawn. It is found that the overall tendency of mesoscale NWP models is governed by its driving model, with the initial conditions showing remarkable impacts on mesoscale models for the first I0 hours of the predictions while leaving lateral boundary conditions to take care the period beyond; the latter affect the inner area of mesoscale predictions mainly through the propagation and movement of weather signals (waves) of different time scales; initial values of external model parameters such as soil moisture content may affect predictions of more longer time validity, while fast signals may be filtered away and only information with time scale 4 times as large as or more than the updated period of boundary values may be introduced, through lateral boundary, to mesoseale models, etc. Some results may be taken as important guidance on mesoseale model and its data a.ssimilation developments of the future.

关 键 词：数值预报 中尺度 初值 边值 

分 类 号：P435[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]