玉米-小麦轮作系统中氮肥反硝化损失与N_2O排放量  

Nitrification-Denitrification Lo ss and N_2O Emission from Maize-Wheat Rotation System in North China

作　　者：丁洪[1] 蔡贵信[2] 王跃思[3] 陈德立[4] 

机构地区：[1]福建省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所,福建福州350013 [2]中国科学院南京土壤研究所,江苏南京210008 [3]中国科学院大气物理研究所,lapc北京100029 [4]澳大利亚墨尔本大学粮食与土地资源学院

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2003年第5期557-560,共4页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(49901010);中科院大气边界层物理和大气化学国家重点实验室开放课题(LAPC-KF-2002-09)

摘　　要：应用乙炔抑制-原状土柱培养法研究了玉米-小麦轮作周年中氮肥的反硝化损失和N2O排放量。结果表明,氮肥产生的N2O为1.77～2.82kgN·hm-2,占施氮量的0.49%～0.76%;反硝化损失量为3～3.18kgN·hm-2,占施肥量的0.81%～0.86%。玉米与小麦生长期间的氮肥反硝化损失率很相近,分别为0.7%～0.99%和0.77%～0.88%。反硝化作用和N2O排放与土壤含水量密切相关,有机肥与氮肥混施增加N2O排放量。反硝化不是该旱作系统氮肥损失的主要途径,但施用氮肥大大增加了N2O的排放,对环境造成一定的影响。A year maize -wheat rotation field e xperiment with 4treatments was conducted to measure denitrification lo sses and N 2 O emission from fertilizer nitrogen a pplied to fluvo -aquic soil by acetylene -inhibition soil -core incubation method.The results showed that during the whole year N 2 Oemission fromthe applied Nwas 1.77～2.82kg N·hm -2 ,accounting for 0.49%～0.76%of the applied N;while the correspon ding figures of denitrification loss were 3～3.18kg N·hm -2 and 0.81%～0.86%of the applied N.The denitrification loss rates from maize and wheat fields were resembled i.e 0.7%～0.99%and 0.77%～0.88%,respectively.Both Denitrificatio n and N 2 O emission were closely related to th e soil water contents.Application o f organic manure mixed with urea increased N 2 O emission in comparison with applic ation of urea alone.The results indi cated that denitrification was not an important pathway of Nloss in t he rotation system.However,N 2 Oemission was greatly increased by a pplication of Nfertilizer,which might affect environmental qu ality.

关 键 词：玉米 小麦 轮作系统 氮肥 反硝化损失 N2O排放量 乙炔抑制-原状土柱培养法 

分 类 号：X171[环境科学与工程—环境科学]