用近等基因系研究小麦显性矮源对主要经济性状的影响  

Studies on the effect of dominant dwarfing sources on main economic characters using near isogenic lines

作　　者：阮仁武[1] 傅大雄[1] 戴秀梅[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南农业大学农学与生命科学学院,重庆400716

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2003年第4期8-13,共6页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：重庆市科委"十五"攻关项目-小麦遗传资源创新研究

摘　　要：为了筛选有利于育种的显性矮秆基因,利用5个普通小麦品种与5个不同显性矮源杂交回交6代以上产生的5套近等基因系,研究显性矮源对株高、株粒重、株有效穗数、穗粒数、千粒重、株粒数和穗重的影响。结果表明:显性矮源近等基因系之间的株有效穗数差异不显著外,其它性状差异极显著。5个显性矮源近等基因系都显著降低轮回父本(CK)的株高、千粒重、穗重,但具有西农引06、奥尔森和西南02矮源近等基因系的株高极显著高于矮苏3和矮变1号矮源近等基因系的株高,具有西南02和奥尔森矮源近等基因系的穗重显著高于其它矮源,具有奥尔森和西南02矮源近等基因系的千粒重亦高于其它矮源。具有奥尔森矮源近等基因系的株粒重与轮回父本没有显著的差异,其次是西南02矮源近等基因系;具有西南02矮源近等基因系的穗粒数与轮回父本没有显著的差异,其它都显著或极显著低于轮回父本的穗粒数;具有西农引06、奥尔森、西南02和矮苏3矮源近等基因系的株粒数与轮回父本间没有显著的差异,只有矮变1号矮源近等基因系极显著低于轮回父本。根据欧氏距离的聚类分析,具有奥尔森和西南02矮源近等基因系与轮回父本之间的距离最近,这有利于育种应用,矮变1号矮源近等基因系的距离最远,难以直接应用于育种;西农引06矮源和矮苏3矮源最近。The five series near isogenic lines from five dominant dwarfing sources crossed and backcrossed over six generation by five common wheat varieties were studied on plant height,kernel weight per plant, effective spikes per plant,kernels per spike,1000-kernel weight,kernels per plant and spike weight for selecting the dominant dwarfing genes in favor of breeding.The results showed that:these characters had highly significant difference except the effective spikes per plant.The five series near isogenic lines with dominant dwarfing sources reduced significantly plant height,1000-kernel weight and spike weight of recurrent male parents.But the plant heights of near isogenic lines with Xinongyin 06,Oleson and Xinong 02 were significantly higher than that with Aisu 3 and Aibian No.1.The spike weight of near isogenic lines with Xinong 02 and Oleson were significantly higher than that with others.The 1000-kernel weight of near isogenic lines with Oleson and Xinong 02 were higher than that with others,too.The kernel weight per plant of near isogenic lines with Oleson had not significant difference with that of male parents and next was Xinong 02's.The kernel numbers per spike of near isogenic lines with Xinong 02 had not significant difference with that of male parents.The kernel numbers per plant of near isogenic lines with Xinongyin 06,Oleson,Xinong 02 and Aisu3 except Aibian No.1 were reduced significantly compared with that of backcrossing male parents.According to Euclidean distance,the distance of near isogenic lines with Oleson and Xinong 02 were the nearest to backcrossing male parents,and the Aibian No.l's were the furthest.The distance of near isogenic lines with Xinongyin 06 and Aisu 3 were the nearest,Xinong 02's and Aibian No.l's were the furthest.The system clustering analysis showed that the near isogenic lines with Xinongyin 06,Aisu 3,Oleson and Xinong 02 was a partially dominant group,and male parents and Aibian No.l's was a group,respectively.

关 键 词：小麦 近等基因系 显性矮源 经济性状 育种 品种 株高 株粒重 株有效穗数 穗粒数 千粒重 株粒数 穗重 

分 类 号：S512.103.3[农业科学—作物学]