5～6岁儿童公平分配玩具行为的心理机制  

Psychological Mechanism of Fair Distributive Behavior upon Toys for Children Aged 5-6

作　　者：王晓艳[1] 陈会昌[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学发展心理研究所,北京100875

出　　处：《心理发展与教育》2003年第1期9-13,共5页Psychological Development and Education

基　　金：全国教育科学规划"十五"重点项目 (BEB0 1 0 468)

摘　　要：采用实验法和结构访谈法 ,考察 66名 5～ 6岁儿童在幼儿园游戏活动中公平分配玩具行为的心理机制。结果发现 :( 1 )根据在幼儿园分配玩具的过程中的表现 ,可以把儿童分为三类 :公平型儿童、不公平型和不稳定型 ,每类儿童的自我评价各不相同 ;( 2 )对自己做出的公平行为能做出准确的自我评价 ,而且对假想的不公平行为也能做出正确的自我评价 ,这是形成稳定的公平行为的重要心理机制 ,自我概念、自我形象在道德准则的内化过程中起着重要作用。The research is in intent to explore the psychological mechanism of fair distribution behavior upon toys in the play of indergarten children aged 5-6, on the basis of structured interview and expirical method. The participants are 66 elder kindergarten children. The finding is stated below: (1) the mode of behavior of the toy distribution is divided into three types, fair (20%), unfair (20%), unstable (60%). This implies that age 5-6 is a critical period for nurturing the behavior of collaboration, sharing\|with\|others, altruism; (2) the participants are able to make self\|evaluation accurately not only to the fair behavior conducted, but also the supposed, i.e.,avoid conducting the bad behavior in order not to affect sound self\|image, and thereby the psychological mechanism of stable fair behavior is taking the shape; (3) the internalization of morality in self\|concept and self\|image is valued much. The morality practices in activities therein evaluating self and others' behavior is an effective education measure for the promotion of internalization.

关 键 词：心理机制 儿童 自我形象 自我评价 道德准则 心理研究 公平分配行为 

分 类 号：B844.12[哲学宗教—发展与教育心理学]