青少年个性特征、最要好同伴吸烟行为与青少年吸烟行为的关系  

The Relationship Between Adolescent Personlity, best Friend's Smoking behavior and Adolescent Smoking Behavior

作　　者：林丹华[1] 方晓义[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学发展心理研究所,北京100875

出　　处：《心理发展与教育》2003年第1期31-36,共6页Psychological Development and Education

基　　金：国家自然科学基金 ( 3 990 0 0 45 );霍英东教育基金资助项目 ( 71 0 2 3 )

摘　　要：本研究旨在探讨最要好同伴吸烟、青少年个性特征与青少年吸烟行为的关系。对北京市一所普通中学和一所重点中学的 1 0 42名初一至高三学生进行问卷调查 ,让被试自我报告他们和最要好同伴的吸烟行为 ,以及他们的个性特点。结果表明 :( 1 )吸烟和不吸烟的青少年在遵从动机、自我效能感上存在着显著的差异。与不吸烟青少年相比 ,吸烟的青少年表现出更高的遵从动机和更低的自我效能感 ;( 2 )青少年的遵从动机、自我效能感与最要好同伴吸烟行为间存在显著关系。遵从动机高、自我效能感低的青少年 ,其最要好同伴吸烟率要显著地高于遵从动机低、自我效能感高的青少年 ;( 3 )最要好同伴吸烟行为与青少年吸烟行为间存在极其显著的相关 ;( 4 )最要好同伴吸烟行为既对青少年吸烟行为产生直接作用 ,又通过自我效能感、遵从动机对青少年吸烟行为产生间接影响。但最要好同伴吸烟行为对青少年吸烟行为的直接作用要大于间接作用。th to 12 th graders from one key middle school and one general school in Beijing, China were selected to explore the relationship between adolescent personlity, best friend's smoking behavior and adolescent smoking behavior. The subjects were asked to report their self\|esteem, self\|efficacy, motivation to comply, stress, their own smoking behavior and best friends' smoking behavior on an anonymous questionnaire. The results showed: (1) smoking and non\|smoking adolescent were significantly different in motivation to comply and self\|efficacy. Smoking adolescents reported higher motivation to comply and less self\|efficacy than non\|smoking adolescents;(2)adolescents' motivation to comply was significantly positively related to best friend' smoking behavior. While adolescents' self\|efficacy was significantly negatively related to adolescent smoking behavior; (3)best friend's smoking behavior was significantly related to adolescent smoking behavior; (4) best friend's smoking behavior had direct effect on adolescent smoking behavior, and also indirectly influenced adolescent smoking behavior through self\|efficacy and motivation to comply.

关 键 词：青少年 个性特征 最要好同伴 吸烟行为 心理研究 关系 价值 自我效能感 遵从动机 

分 类 号：B844.2[哲学宗教—发展与教育心理学]