前瞻记忆的自评和延时特点  

SELF-ASSESSMENT AND RETENTION INTERVAL OF PROSPECTIVE MEMORY

作　　者：赵晋全[1] 杨治良[2] 秦金亮[2] 郭力平[3] 

机构地区：[1]上海大学广告学系,上海200072 [2]华东师范大学心理学系,上海200062 [3]华东师范大学学前教育系,上海200062

出　　处：《心理学报》2003年第4期455-460,共6页Acta Psychologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金课题 (批准号 :3 0 170 3 2 0 )。

摘　　要：前瞻记忆的自评和延时研究目前由于实验任务的不同结果差异很大。该文采用由前瞻记忆自我评价题目构成的并且包含前瞻记忆任务的测验材料 ,探索了前瞻记忆研究的一种新方法 ,研究了可能影响前瞻记忆的几个因素。结果发现 ,0延时与其它延时 (7min ,17min ,2 7min ,5 7min)均有显著差异 ,其它各延时之间没有显著差异 ,年龄对前瞻记忆和前瞻记忆自我评价均有显著影响 ,前瞻记忆与性别、人格、智力、回溯记忆没有显著相关。Experimental results that delay and self-assessment of prospective memory in present research contradict with each other. This paper adopted a word-detect prospective memory task which was inlaid in some self-confident assessment items. The frequency of the target word increased across trials. The result indicated that: (1) A short delay between prospective memory instructions and background activity will lower the prospective memory performance. But in the period of 7～57 minutes(7 min, 17min,27min, 37min, 57min) prospective memory maintained. This result supported the suggestion that prospective memory forgetting may occur only during the first minutes after the encoding of intention; (2) There is no significant correlation between prospective memory and retrospective memory, so do some other variables like, sex, intelligence, and personality(16 indices of 16PF and 4 indices of Eysenck). (3) Correlation between prospective memory and retrospective monitor is significant, while nonsignificant relationship is found for self-assessment; (4) Age greatly influences prospective memory and self-assessment, children are overconfident and the elder are not so good as the young both in self-assessment and performance.

关 键 词：前瞻记忆 回溯记忆 自我评价 延时间隔 

分 类 号：B842.3[哲学宗教—基础心理学]