5种藻和2种酵母对萼花臂尾轮虫饵料效果的比较研究  

THE PROTEIN NUTRITIONAL EVALUATION OF ROTIFER BRACHIONUS CALYCIFLORUS AND ITS FOODS

作　　者：王金秋[1] 李德尚[2] 曹吉祥[2] 

机构地区：[1]复旦大学生命科学学院,上海200433 [2]青岛海洋大学水产学院,青岛266003

出　　处：《水生生物学报》2003年第5期476-486,共11页Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica

基　　金：上海市高校重点学科项目 (L990 2 0 4);山东省科委基金项目 ( 9414 0 6)资助

摘　　要：采用蛋白质和脂肪酸两项指标评价了 7种饵料 ,包括 5种藻 (蛋白核小球藻、斜生栅藻、小球衣藻、卵形隐藻、中型裸藻 )和 2种酵母 (面包酵母和啤酒酵母 )对萼花臂尾轮虫的营养价值。蛋白质的评价结果显示 ,轮虫体总氮 (TN)的含量为 10 0 8% ;粗蛋白 (CP)的含量为 6 3 0 % ;总氨基酸 (TAA)占粗蛋白的 4 8 10 % ;总必需氨基酸 (TEAA)占粗蛋白的 2 2 0 2 % ;TEAA与TAA的比值 (TEAA/TAA)为 4 5 8。在 7种饵料中TN的含量在 6 5 7%— 10 96 %之间 ,其中在卵形隐藻中的含量最高 ,在面包酵母中的含量最低 ;粗蛋白的含量介于 4 1 0 6 %— 6 8 5 4 %之间 ,在各饵料中含量由高到低的排列顺序与TN一致 ;TAA的含量在 5 4 6 94— 73 2 35之间 ,其中在斜生栅藻中的含量最高 ,在卵形隐藻中含量最低 ;TEAA的含量在 2 3 836— 34 136之间 ,其中在面包酵母中含量最高 ,在卵形隐藻中含量最低 :TEAA/TAA比值在 4 3 3— 4 9 1之间 ,其中两种酵母的该比值最大。实验共测出 17种氨基酸。轮虫蛋白质中以组氨酸含量最低 (0 5 4 0 % ) ,其次为蛋氨酸 (0 5 5 6 % )和胱氨酸 (0 76 2 % ) ;含量最高的是天门冬氨酸 (5 2 0 6 % )和甘氨酸 (4 5 71% )。其饵料蛋白质中含量较低的是蛋氨酸 (0 4 2 1%— 1 4 95 % )、组氨酸(0In the study the nutritive value of seven kinds of foods, including five kinds of algae(Chlorella pyrenoidosa, Scenedesmus obliquus, Chlamydomonas microsphaera, Cryptomonas ovata, Euglena intermedia) and two kinds of yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Saccharomyces carlsbergensis) to rotifer(Brachionus plicatilis) was appraised using two indexes of protein and fatty acid. The appraisal results of the protein showed that the content of the total nitrogen (TN) and the crude protein (CP) are 10.08% and 63.0% in the rotifer's body respectively. The total amino acid (TAA) and the total essential amino acid (TEAA) account for 48% and 22.02% of crude protein respectively. The ratio of total essential amino acid with total amino acid (TEAA/TAA) is 45.8. The contents of TN are between 6.57%—10.96% of seven kinds of foods and among them the contents show highest and lowest value in Cryptomonas ovata and Saccharomyces cerevisiae respectively. The contents of CP lie between 41.06%—68.54% and keep the same with TN from high to the low permutation order of various kinds of food. The contents of TAA are between 54.694%—73.235% and show highest and lowest value in Scenedesmus obliquus and Cryptomonas ovata respectively. The contents of TEAA are between 23.836%—34.136% and show highest and lowest value in the Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Cryptomonas ovata.The ratio of TEAA/TAA are between 43.3—49.1 and show highest value in two kinds of yeasts. In the study the seventeen kinds of amino acid were mensurated. The content of the HIS is lowest (0.540%) in the protein of the rotifer, secondly it is the MET (0.556%) and the CYS (0.762%). And the contents of the ASP is the highest (5.206%), secondly it is the GLY (4.571%). In the proteins of foods the content of the MTE is lowest(0.421%—1.495%), secondly it is the HIS (0.675%—1.967%) and the GYS (0.439%—3.332%). And the content of the GLU is highest (6.073%—11.447%), secondly it is the ASP (5.519%—8.281%) and the LEU (4.143%—7.473%). When use protein of the who

关 键 词：浮游动物 营养 萼花臂尾轮虫 饵料 蛋白质 氨基酸 脂肪酸 营养评价 

分 类 号：S963.214[农业科学—水产养殖]