不同注意条件下的知觉启动及其机制  

The Role and Mechanisms of Attention in Perceptual Priming

作　　者：杨炯炯[1] 翁旭初[2] 管林初[2] 匡培梓[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学心理学系,北京100871 [2]中国科学院心理研究所,北京100101

出　　处：《心理科学》2004年第1期101-103,共3页Journal of Psychological Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目资助 (批准号 30 0 0 0 0 54)

摘　　要：采用快速命名方法探讨不同注意条件下的知觉启动效应及其机制。实验中呈现一系列颜色词 ,要求被试分别完成集中和分散注意任务 ,然后进行词命名和再认测验。在词命名任务中 ,实验 1包括旧词、重组颜色词和新词 ,而在实验 2中重组颜色词改为新颜色词。结果表明 ,在实验 1中 ,只有在集中注意条件下 ,被试对旧词的命名时间明显短于重组颜色词 ,即表现出知觉启动效应。而在实验 2的两种注意条件下 ,被试对旧词的命名时间均明显短于新颜色词。这提示 ,在不同注意条件下的学习会影响其后的颜色知觉启动 。In this study we used the speeded naming task of colore words to explore the role of attention during encoding in the subsequent perceptual priming and its mechanisms. In both experiments, each subject performed full and divided attention encoding tasks, then did speeded naming and recognition tests. In Experiment 1, the colored words in the naming task included old, recombined and new words, while in Experiment 2, the recombined words were replaced by new color words. The results showed that in Experiment 1, only under the full attention condition did the subjects manifest color priming effects, but in Experiment 2, under both attention conditions, the subjects could name the old words more quickly than the new color words. The present study thus suggested attention played a role in some aspects of perceptual priming, presumably related to the associative binding processes between features and stimuli.

关 键 词：知觉启动效应 快速命名方法 知觉表征系统 外显记忆 颜色词 注意 

分 类 号：B842[哲学宗教—基础心理学]