聋童和正常儿童在内隐和外显记忆上的发展差异  

The Developmental Difference Between Explicit and Implicit Memory of Deaf and Hearing Children

作　　者：周颖[1] 孙里宁[1] 

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学心理系,上海200062

出　　处：《心理科学》2004年第1期114-116,共3页Journal of Psychological Science

摘　　要：本研究采用自行编制计算机化的加工分离程序 (PDP) ,旨在探讨聋童和正常儿童是否在内隐和外显记忆上存在不同的发展模式。结果显示 :(1 )人群和年龄对内隐记忆没有显著影响 ,而外显记忆存在显著的人群差异和年龄差异 ;(2 )外显记忆的人群和年龄存在显著的交互作用 ,聋童随年龄增长 ,其外显记忆存在显著的发展 ,而正常儿童的外显记忆有略微的下降。本研究结果支持意识和无意识的权衡理论 。A computerized PDP was designed to study the development of explicit and implicit memory in deaf children and hearing children.The results showed that (1) neither group difference nor age difference was significant in implicit memory,while both were significant in explicit memory,(2) interaction between group and age in implicit memory was significant,which means the explicit memory of deaf children developed significantly with age,while that of hearing children declined slightly. The theory of trade-off relationship between consciousness and unconsciousness was thus proved.Suggestions for deaf education were made.

关 键 词：聋童 正常儿童 内隐记忆 外显记忆 发展差异 加工分离程序 PDP 人群差异 年龄差异 

分 类 号：B842[哲学宗教—基础心理学]