围绝经期女性元认知相关因素的初步研究  

A preliminary study on relevant factors of the metacognition of perimenopausal women

作　　者：王相兰[1,2] 魏钦令[2] 李冠英[2] 韩自力[2] 张晋碚[2] 李凌江[1] 

机构地区：[1]中南大学湘雅二医院精神卫生研究所,长沙410011 [2]中山大学附属第三医院精神科

出　　处：《中国神经精神疾病杂志》2015年第8期487-491,共5页Chinese Journal of Nervous and Mental Diseases

基　　金：国家973项目(编号:2013CB835100;2009CB918303);国家自然科学基金(编号:91232714);广东省科技计划项目(编号:2010B031600309;2008B030301056)

摘　　要：目的初步探索围绝经期女性元认知的相关因素。方法纳入2012年10月至2013年6月广告招募的围绝经期女性志愿者66名,以元认知问卷30项版(metacognition questionnaire,MCQ-30)评估被试认知自信(F1)、积极信念(F2)、认知自我意识(F3)、失控与危险(F4)和控制思想的需要(F5)等5个维度的元认知水平,以艾森克人格问卷(Eysenck personality questionnaire,EPQ)评估被试内外倾向性(E)、神经质(N)、精神质(P)和掩饰性(L)等个性心理特征,以Zung抑郁自评量表(self-rating depression scale,SDS)评估被试核心、认知、焦虑和躯体症状等抑郁症状。分析MCQ各因子与人口学资料、EPQ和SDS间的关系。结果 F1和受教育年限(β’=-0.229,P=0.035)、N分(β’=0.255,P=0.042)及L分(β’=-0.292,P=0.021)相关联;F2与受教育年限(β’=-0.260,P=0.031)、N分(β’=0.248,P=0.039)相关联;F3与SDS核心症状(β’=-0.251,P=0.037)及焦虑症状(β’=-0.248,P=0.039)相关联;F4与体质量指数(β’=0.211,P=0.048)、L分(β=0.511,P<0.001)相关联;F5与P分(β’=0.299,P=0.015)相关联。结论围绝经期女性元认知水平受其个性特征、受教育年限等多种因素影响,对认知过程的自我意识水平较低、自信心较差可能与其抑郁易感性有关。ObjectiveThis preliminary study aimed to investigate relevant factors of the metacognition of perimenopausal women.MethodsTotal 66 perimenopausal women voluntarily participated in this study from October 2012 to July 2013.The Metacognitions Questionnaire 30-item version(MCQ-30) was used to assess metacognition from 5 dimensions including cognitive confidence(F1),positive beliefs(F2),cognitive self-consciousness(F3),uncontrollability and danger(F4),and need to control thoughts(F5).Eysenck Personality Questionnaire was utilized to measure the personality characteristics such as the extraversion/introversion(E),neuroticism/stability(N),psychoticism/socialization(P),and lie(L).Depression and its 4 symptom components including core,cognitive,anxiety,and somatic symptoms were determined by Zung Self-rating Depression Scale(SDS).The linear multiple stepwise regression were performed to analyze the relevant factors of each MCQ dimension.ResultsThe education level(β’=-0.229,P=0.035),N score(β’=0.255,P=0.042),and L score(β’=-0.292,P=0.021) were related to F1.The education level(β’=-0.260,P=0.031) and N score(β’=0.248,P=0.039) were predictors of the dependent variable F2.The core depression symptom(β’=-0.251,P=0.037)and anxiety symptom(β’=-0.248,P=0.039) of SDS were negatively related to F3.Predictors of F4 were the body mass in-dex(β’=0.211,P=0.048) and L score(β’=0.511,P<0.0001).Only P score(β’=0.299,P=0.015) was related to F5.ConclusionThe metacognition level of perimenopausal women is affected by a variety of factors such as personality characteristics and education level,and low self-consciousness and lack of confidence to the cognitive process may be involved in the increased susceptibility to depression.

关 键 词：围绝经期 元认知 抑郁 疾病易感性 人格 

分 类 号：B844.5[哲学宗教—发展与教育心理学]