玉米籽粒含油量的配合力、方差成分和遗传力及其应用的研究  

A STUDY ON COMBINING ABILITY, COMPONENTS OF VARIANCE, HERITABILITY OF OIL CONTENT IN MAIZE GRAIN AND THEIR APPLICATION

作　　者：刘仁东[1] 石德权[1] 徐家舜[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院作物育种栽培研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《中国农业科学》1992年第6期52-57,共6页Scientia Agricultura Sinica

摘　　要：用11个玉米自交系(其中2个高油自交系,9个普通自交系)作完全双列杂交,产生55个正交组合,按Grifing(1956)的双列杂交设计方法2进行配合力、方差成分和遗传力的研究。结论指出:1.含油量的基因型差异显著;2.所有自交系的一般配合力效应均达到0.01的显著水平;3.特殊配合力效应只有11个组合达到显著或极显著水平;4.一般配合力效应与特殊配合力效应无关,即一般配合力高未必特殊配合力也高;5.含油量的一般配合力效应高低与自交系本身含油量的高低趋势一致,二者之间表现线性关系。一般配合力效应值y依含油量x的直线回归方程为y=0.5x-2.4,其回归标准误为0.12;6.含油量的加性方差比显性方差重要得多,加性方差占98.5%,而显性方差只占1.5%,表明含油量有很高的遗传力。文章还对配合力和遗传力对高油玉米育种的指导意义进行了讨论。The combining ability, components of variance and heritability of oil content in maize grain were studied through a diailel of 11 inbred fines (2 high-oil, 9 normal). 55 hybrids were produced according to Griffing's diailel method Ⅱ. iIt is concluded that.1. the genotypic differences of oil content arc significant; 2. the GCA effects of all 11 inbred fines are significant at 0.01 level; 3, the SCA effects of 11 hybrids out of the 55 ones are significant, indicating the existence of SCA effects for oil content; 4. there is no relationship between GCA and SCA, namely, high GCA effects in inbred lines do not mean high SCA effects in hybrids; 5. the GCA effects of oil content increase with the increase of oil content in grain of inbred fines and there is a linear relationship between them, the GCA effects regress to oil content according to y=0.5x -2.4 (Sy.x=0.12); 6. the additive variance is much more important than the dominant One, the former makes up 98.5% but the latter only 1.5% of the total genetic variance. The application of combining ability and heritability for oil content of corn grain in breeding is also discussed.

关 键 词：玉米 自交系 含油量 配合力 遗传力 

分 类 号：S513.032[农业科学—作物学]