长安县农村中小学生视力10年监测结果分析  

Analysis of 10-year surveillance on country students' eyesight in primary and secondary schools in Chang'an County

作　　者：王维清 [1] 马越  祝毅  孙传武 [3] 赵振平  侯如兰 [1] 

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学医学院儿少卫生教研室,陕西,西安,710061 [2]长安县教育局学校卫生保健所,陕西,长安,710100 [3]徐州市疾病预防控制中心,徐州,221000

出　　处：《西安交通大学学报（医学版）》2004年第2期198-200,208,共4页Journal of Xi’an Jiaotong University（Medical Sciences）

摘　　要：目的　研究农村中小学生 10年的视力变化规律 ,为更好地开展学校视力保护工作提供依据。方法　按照国家统一的学生视力检测方法和要求 ,对长安县中小学生 1990～ 1999年视力进行检测 ,对视力均值及视力低下率分别进行统计分析。结果　 10年间男、女学生双眼视力均值均在 5 .0以上 ,视力低下率为 5 .0 %～ 8.3%。男生的视力均值高于女生 ,视力低下率低于女生。视力低下率随学习阶段的上升而上升 ,以小学至初中阶段增幅最大 ,各学习阶段均以轻、中度视力低下为主 ,重度视力低下率随学习阶段上升增长幅度最大。学生左、右眼视力无明显差异。结论　 10年来长安县农村学生的视力发育状况总体上是良好的 ,但视力低下率随学习阶段增长速度加快。建议 :对学生视力低下的预防应从小学阶段开始 ,尤其要重视小学升初中学习阶段的预防工作 。Objective To study the changes of country students' eyesight in primary and secondary schools from 1990 to 1999 and provide basis for schools to further protect students' eyesight. Methods Each student's eyesight was examined in Chang'an County according to the national method and requirements. The mean eyesight and the rate of poor eyesight of students were analysed. Results During the ten years the mean eyesight of both the left eyes and the right ones of students were above 5.0, and the range of mal-eyesight rate was from 5.0% to 8.3%. The mean eyesight of the male students was better than that of female students while the rate of poor eyesight in male students' was lower than that in female students. The rate of students' mal-eyesight went up as the stages of studying went upward and the change during the transition from primary school to junior high school was remarkable. In each stage of studying, most students' mal-eyesight was of mild and medium degree, and the rate of severe degree of mal-eyesight increased with the studying stages. There was no significant difference in eyesight between the left eye and the right one. Conclusion The 10-year eyesight of the students is good on the whole, but the rate of students' mal-eyesight increased speedily with the advancement of the studying stages. We suggest that the prevention against mal-eyesight should begin in pupils of primary school, and meanwhile the aggravation of mal-eyesight degree among students be avoided.

关 键 词：长安县 农村 中小学生 视力监测 视力低下 视力保护 

分 类 号：R778.1[医药卫生—眼科]