论孔子的“性善论”及在其学说中的地位  

On Confucius' "Man's Quality is Kind" and its Status in His Theory

作　　者：游唤民[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南师范大学文学院,湖南长沙410081

出　　处：《湖南师范大学社会科学学报》2004年第3期5-8,共4页Journal of Social Science of Hunan Normal University

摘　　要：学术界一般认为孔子极少言及人性,更未触及人性的善、恶问题。如果将孔子的"性相近"的共同人性观与其整个思想联系起来进行考察,就会惊人地发现孔子的人性思想相当丰富,其人性倾向于德、人性包含"直"、人性为仁、人性的异化诸方面,可知孔子的人性思想是"性善论"。人性为善,人类才有互爱的基础,仁学乃能立。唯有人性为善,人们进行道德修养才是源于人自身的内在要求,而社会所建立的伦理道德规范也就不仅与社会客观存在相适应,而且与人的本性相适应,使道德规范有可能转化为人们自觉遵守的行为。可见,"性善论"乃是构建孔子学说的理论基石。The academia generally thinks that confucius seldom spoke of the human nature and its good or evil. However, if we observe from confucius' pomt pf view that 'man's quality is close', we can see that Confucius' thought of human nature is quite abundant. Confucius' thought of human nature is 'good'. The human nature is the foundation that man loves each other. It was on this foundation that confuciusnism was able to be established. Ethical training could come from the (people's) internal requirment. The code of ethic that the society sets up not only in conformity with social objective reality but also in conformity with people's natural instinct. It is thus clear that 'man's Quality is good' is a theoretical foundation stone of Confucius' theory.

关 键 词：孔子 性善 伦理道德 理论基础 

分 类 号：B222.2[哲学宗教—中国哲学]