不同土壤类型、不同气候条件与水稻产量的关系  

Studies on relationships between different soil types and climate condition and grains yield of rice

作　　者：熊洪[1] 唐玉明[1] 任道群[1] 李兴莲[1] 程开禄[1] 姚万春[1] 周兴兵[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川省农业科学院水稻高粱研究所,四川泸州646100

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2004年第3期305-309,共5页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

摘　　要：本文采用四川省主产水稻地区的灰棕紫泥土、紫泥土、灰色冲积土、紫色冲积土(代表沱江流域)、红棕紫泥土、棕紫土、老冲积黄泥土、紫色冲积土(代表九曲河流域)、灰棕冲积土和红紫泥土10种不同类型土壤和生态条件,研究土壤养分供给能力和生态条件与产量间的关系,结果表明,在相同施肥水平和农作技术条件下,紫色冲积土(代表沱江流域)、灰色冲积土、紫色冲积土(代表九曲河流域)和灰棕紫泥土供给氮、磷、钾中的一种养分或两种养分能力强,或有机质含量高,因而其水稻产量高,水稻生产上要注意增施其缺素养分,可进一步高产高效;其余土壤类型,要增加氮、磷、钾施用量,可提高这些土壤类型的水稻产量潜力。研究同时表明,在一定营养基础上,产量形成期日照时数多少和日昼夜差大小是影响水稻高产和年度间产量稳定性的重要生态条件。除养分和生态条件外,水稻品种自身产量潜力是水稻高产的前提。The relationship between nutrient suppling ability of different types soil and different ecological conditions and grain yields of rice were analyzed in grey-brown-purple soil, purple soil,brown-alluvial soil, purple-alluvial soil(representing Tuojiang river area), red-brown-purple soil, brown-purple soil, lao alluvial yellow soil, purple-alluvial soil(representing Jiouqu river area), grey-brown alluvial soil, red-purple soil and under two climate condition, respectively. The results showed high yields were achieved in the purple-alluvial soil(representing Tuojiang river area), grey-brown alluvial soil, purple-alluvial soil(representing Jiouqu river area) and grey-brown-purple soil, which could afford one or two of N,P,K, or contain high O.M.under same fertilizer level and farm techniques. And when the deficient nutrient element was supplied, rice yield could be further raised. Other six type soils need to increase amount of N,P,K, which may give the potentiality of increasing yield, The results also demonstrated that duration of sunshine and diural range can affect high yield and stability of rice during grain-filling period. Yield potentiality of variety was a prerequirement for high-yield of rice besides of nutrient and ecological condition.

关 键 词：土壤类型 生态条件 产量 品种 

分 类 号：S511.06[农业科学—作物学]