动词“挂”的多角度考察  

Multiple Perspectives on the Verb “Gua”

作　　者：王新宇 

机构地区：[1]江苏师范大学文学院,江苏 徐州

出　　处：《现代语言学》2023年第10期4675-4681,共7页Modern Linguistics

摘　　要：动词“挂”是具有动作•状态复合语义特征的动词。从外部结构来看,作动作动词时,“挂”后面常跟常加名词或名语素(N)、动词或动语素(V);从内部结构来看,“挂”分别作动词或状态动词时,其语法形式有所区别,各义项所涉及的语义角色如施事、受事、方式及方所等区别较为明显,所蕴含的义素也有所不同;表示动作动词的“挂”后面蕴含该动作关涉对象的位移,在该位移事件中,“位移”成分经常与其副事件中的方式或使因成分并合在一起;表示状态动词的“挂”常表示因某种动作所导致的某种状态的持续。随着语境的拓展,动词“挂”产生了一些新的义项,其语义产生的过程涉及事件域认知模型视角下的语义推理,其中隐喻和转喻机制发挥了重要作用。The verb “Gua” is a verb with a compound semantic feature of action and state. From the perspec-tive of external structure, when used as an action verb, “Gua” is often followed by a noun or noun morpheme (N), a verb or verb morpheme (V);from the perspective of internal structure, when “Gua” is used as a verb or a state verb, its grammatical form differs. The semantic roles involved in each semantic item, such as agent, patient, way, and place, are more distinct, and the semantic elements contained are also different;the “Gua” of an action verb implies the displacement of the object in-volved in the action. In this displacement event, the “displacement” component is often combined with the way or cause component in its side event;the “Gua” that represents a state verb often in-dicates the continuation of a certain state caused by a certain action. With the expansion of context, the verb “Gua” has generated some new meanings, and its semantic generation process involves semantic inference from the perspective of event domain cognitive models, where metaphor and metonymy mechanisms play an important role.

关 键 词：“挂” 位移事件 事件域认知模型 隐喻 转喻 

分 类 号：H14[语言文字—汉语]