Diet in Renal Diseases: An Art of Science  

作　　者：Kamel El-Reshaid Shaikha Al-Bader Kamel El-Reshaid;Shaikha Al-Bader(Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University Kuwait City, Kuwait;Department of Nephrology, Jaber Hospital, Ministry of Health, Kuwait City, Kuwait)

机构地区：[1]Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University Kuwait City, Kuwait [2]Department of Nephrology, Jaber Hospital, Ministry of Health, Kuwait City, Kuwait

出　　处：《Open Journal of Nephrology》2024年第3期361-374,共14页肾脏病（英文）

摘　　要：Purpose of Review: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with a limited ability to excrete fluids, electrolytes, uremic toxins and other end-products of catabolism. Studies on adverse renal outcomes with dietary patterns are limited. Methods: Comprehensive search in PubMed of papers published until June 2024 describing prospective cohort studies on renal nutritional therapy (RNT) with at least 3 years of follow up. Results: RNT should include adequate yet limited amounts of calories, fluids, protein, lipids, sodium, potassium, and phosphorus. RNT is an adjuvant to specific drug-therapy in 1) certain complications viz. fluid overload, anemia and renal osteodystrophy, and 2) specific kidney diseases viz. glomerulopathies, tubulopathies, polycystic kidney disease, calcium oxalates urolithiasis and cystinuria, as well as 3) types of renal failure viz acute and chronic and its treatment viz. hemodialysis, peritoneal and transplantation. Conclusion: RNT is patient-specific and should be systematically planned to delay the progression of CKD as well as to prevent and treat its complications.Purpose of Review: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with a limited ability to excrete fluids, electrolytes, uremic toxins and other end-products of catabolism. Studies on adverse renal outcomes with dietary patterns are limited. Methods: Comprehensive search in PubMed of papers published until June 2024 describing prospective cohort studies on renal nutritional therapy (RNT) with at least 3 years of follow up. Results: RNT should include adequate yet limited amounts of calories, fluids, protein, lipids, sodium, potassium, and phosphorus. RNT is an adjuvant to specific drug-therapy in 1) certain complications viz. fluid overload, anemia and renal osteodystrophy, and 2) specific kidney diseases viz. glomerulopathies, tubulopathies, polycystic kidney disease, calcium oxalates urolithiasis and cystinuria, as well as 3) types of renal failure viz acute and chronic and its treatment viz. hemodialysis, peritoneal and transplantation. Conclusion: RNT is patient-specific and should be systematically planned to delay the progression of CKD as well as to prevent and treat its complications.

关 键 词：CALORIES DIET Disease Electrolytes Fluid KIDNEY LIPIDS NUTRITION Protein VITAMINS 

分 类 号：R69[医药卫生—泌尿科学]