Acknowledgements This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 50978146 and 51278271) and by the Environmental Scientific Research in the Public Interest (No. 201009017) from the Ministry of Environmental Protection of China.
Bed expansion serves an important function in the design and operation of an upflow anaerobic reactor. An analysis of the flow pattern of expanded granular sludge bed (EGSB) reactors shows that most EGSB reactors do...