supported by a CAREER award (0644646) from the National Science Foundation;a research grant (R01HL095852);a MBRS-RISE fellowship (GM60655) from the National Institute of Health,USA;a research grant (10928206) from the National Natural Science Foundation of China
Introduction Tortuous veins are often seen in the retina,cerebrum,and human legs. Venous tortuosity may affect blood flow and the wall remodeling process,both of which are associated with venous diseases. It has been ...