supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41030962,41305120,41375138,41275151,41075029,41375137,41305034);the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province,China(BK20130988,BK2012860);the Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education(20133228120002);the Natural Science Foundation of the Higher Education Institutions of Jiangsu Province,China(13KJB170014);China Meteorological Administration Special Public Welfare Research Fund(GYHY201406007);the Open Funding from National Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics;the Open Funding from Key Laboratory for Aerosol-Cloud-Precipitation of China Meteorological Administration,China(KDW1102,KDW1104,KDW1201);the Open Funding from Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster of Ministry of Education,China(KLME1305,KLME1205,KLME1107);the Qing-Lan Project for Cloud-Fog-Precipitation-Aerosol Study in Jiangsu Province,China;a Project Fundedby the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions;the U.S.Department of Energy’s(DOE)Earth System Modeling(ESM)program via the FASTER project(www.bnl.gov/faster)and Atmospheric System Research(ASR)program
Parameterization of entrainment-mixing processes in cumulus clouds is critical to improve cloud parameterization in models,but is still at its infancy.For this purpose,we have lately developed a formulation to represe...