Color polymorphisms have been traditionally attributed to apostatic selection.The perception of color depends on the visual system of the observer.Theoretical models predict that differently perceived degrees of consp...
We thank Kate Rose for help managing data, the survey participants for judging vividness, C. East- wood for his intellectual contributions, and Bill Cooper and one anonymous reviewer for their constructive comments on a previous version of this MS. NMH was supported by the UC Regents Special Fellowship. JPD was supported by a National Science Foundation (NSF) Graduate Research Fellowship and a fellowship from the UCLA Graduate Division during the course of this study. DTB is supported by NSF-DEB-1119660.
The distance from an approaching threat at which animals initiate flight - flight-initiation distance (FID) -- is a sensitive metric of variation in risk, but the effects on FID associated with the risk of possessin...
supported by a Research Fellowship from Girton College,Cambridge,and a Royal Society Research Grant;by an Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour Undergraduate Project Scholarship;by a Nuffield Undergraduate Science Bursary;by a Department of Zoology J Arthur Ramsay Trust Fund
Many animals are marked with conspicuous circular features often called 'eyespots', which intimidate predators, preventing or halting an attack. It has long been assumed that eyespots work by mimicking the eyes of l...