supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (82021001,31825018);National Key Research and Development Program of China (2022YFF0710901);Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Major Project (2018SHZDZX05);Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (XDB32060100);Biological Resources Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences (KFJ-BRP-005);National Science and Technology Innovation 2030 Major Program 2021ZD0200900。
Mutations in mitochondrial DNA(mtDNA)are maternally inherited and have the potential to cause severe disorders.Mitochondrial replacement therapies,including spindle,polar body,and pronuclear transfers,are promising st...
After the third prezygotic division during conjugation of Paramecium caudatum,migratory and stationary pronuclei are produced.The migratory pronuclei remain in the paroral region tightly against the conjugating bounda...