Nickel-titanium(NiTi)alloy has been extensively researched in endodontics,particularly in cleaning and shaping the root canal system.Research advances have primarily focused on the design,shape,and geometry of the NiT...
supported in part by a research grant from the American Association of Endodontists Foundation[#509641];the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada:Discovery Grant-AK[RGPIN-2020-05844];supported by a scholarship funded by the Egyptian Ministry of Higher Education.
Macrophages(MQ)are major constituents of chronically inflamed periapical tissues in apical periodontitis.This study aimed to investigate the immunomodulatory effect of engineered bioactive chitosan-based nanoparticles...