It is demonstrated that “survival of the fittest” approach suffers fundamental flaw planted in its very goal: reaching a uniform state starting from a minor random event. Simple considerations prove that a generic p...
In causal set theory, there are three ambiguous concepts that this article tries to provide a solution to resolve these ambiguities. These three ambiguities in Planck’s scale are: the causal relationship between even...
Relativistic diffraction in time wave functions can be used as a basis for causal scattering waves. We derive such exact wave function for a beam of Dirac and Klein-Gordon particles. The transient Dirac spinors are ex...
A causal-directed graphical space-time model has been suggested in which the recurrence phenomena that happen in history and science can be naturally explained. In this Ramsey theorem inspired model, the regular and r...