海明威《老人与海》中的身份认同与审美乌托邦  

Identity and Aesthetic Utopia in Hemingway’s The Old Man and the Sea

作　　者：于冬云[1] Yu Dongyun(School of Language and Literature,Shandong Normal University,Jinan Shandong,250014)

机构地区：[1]山东师范大学文学院,山东济南250014

出　　处：《山东师范大学学报（社会科学版）》2022年第4期143-156,共14页Journal of Shandong Normal University(Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“海明威与美国的现代性问题研究”(17BWW051)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：海明威在《老人与海》中讲述古巴渔夫圣地亚哥钓到大鱼又失去大鱼的悲壮故事。与此同时,在叙事进程中又插入他每晚都在重复的梦境——西北非海岸的和谐美景。古巴和西北非海岸两个叙事空间一实一虚,彰显出西班牙移民圣地亚哥身份认同的复杂多重性,也透视出海明威本人在前现代与现代、“美国性”与“他者性”之间的身份认同的多元复杂性。圣地亚哥梦中的西北非海岸,是海明威通过文学书写建构的审美乌托邦,借以寓托他内心深处对前现代世界的眷恋,抵制美国现代化、都市化对个体的同一性操控和异化。In The Old Man and the Sea,Hemingway narrates the tragic story of Santiago,a Cuban fisherman who catches but finally loses a big fish.Meanwhile,Hemingway inserts into the narrative process Santiago’s dream which repeats every night--the harmonious scene of the coast in Northwest Africa.The two narrative spaces of Cuba and the Northwest African coast,one real and the other virtual,highlight the complexity and multiplicity of the identity of the Spanish immigrant,Santiago,and also reflect the multiplicity and complexity of Hemingway’s own identity between pre-modernity and modernity,and between“Americaness”and“otherness”.The coast in Northwest Africa in Santiago’s dream is the aesthetic Utopia constructed by Hemingway through literary writing,and which implies his sentimental attachment to the pre-modern world and resistance to the identity manipulation and alienation of individual by American modernization and urbanization.

关 键 词：海明威 《老人与海》 身份认同 审美乌托邦 

分 类 号：I712.074[文学—其他各国文学]