审美主义的政治伦理:王国维早期诗学和思想中的“美”与“德”  

The Political Ethics of Aestheticism:“Beauty” and “Virtue” in Wang Guowei’s Early Poetics and Thoughts

作　　者：蒋浩伟 Jiang Haowei(the School of Liberal Arts,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210023,Jiangsu Province,China)

机构地区：[1]南京大学文学院,江苏省南京市210023

出　　处：《文艺理论研究》2022年第2期166-174,共9页Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art

摘　　要：王国维早期对康德、席勒和叔本华等西方美学和道德观的译介和运用,充满了主观上的偏好和倾向。这些偏好和倾向主要体现在对下层国民道德的强烈关怀、对西方伦理学中上帝概念的悬搁、对主体实践理性的政治道德化,和对道德和知识品性的等级化等方面。在对康德、席勒和叔本华等人的美学观点的补充和替换中,王国维早期诗学和思想的内在逻辑始终未能脱离中国传统政治道德的文化和价值结构。在王国维所宣扬的非功利、非政治道德的审美主义中,始终潜藏着对中国传统政治道德的倾慕和热诚。这一点与席勒等人的审美启蒙观有着根本性的差异,也从侧面折射出王国维前后期思想学术分歧背后的一致性和整体性。Wang Guowei’s early translation and application of western aesthetic and moral conceptualizations by such philosophers as Immanuel Kant,Friedrich Schiller,and Arthur Schopenhauer were characterized by his subjective preferences.These preferences are mainly represented in his strong care for the morality of the lower class,his suspension of the concept of God in western ethics,his political moralization of the subject’s practical rationality,and his hierarchization of morality and intellectual character.In Wang Guowei’s non-utilitarian and non-political aestheticism,there is a latent admiration and enthusiasm for traditional Chinese political morality.This differs fundamentally from Schiller’s idea about aesthetic enlightenment,and also reflects the consistency and integrity in Wang Guowei’s thoughts despite the seemingly split between his early and later academic life.

关 键 词：王国维 叔本华 席勒 审美主义 政治道德 

分 类 号：I207.2[文学—中国文学] B82-051[哲学宗教—伦理学]