建构主义理论对高校教学改革的意义和启示  

Significance and Revelation of the Constructivism to Teaching Reform in Universities

作　　者：禹实[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国劳动关系学院教务处,北京100037

出　　处：《中国劳动关系学院学报》2007年第5期104-108,共5页Journal of China University of Labor Relations

摘　　要：最早提出建构主义的是瑞士心理学家皮亚杰。建构主义认为,学习是学习者主动建构内部心理表征的过程;学习需要通过合作使认知和理解更加丰富和全面;教师是学生学习的主导,学生是学习的主体;建构主义的教学方法有:支架式、抛锚式、情境性教学、随机进入教学。建构主义理论对高校教学改革具有积极的意义:依照建构主义理论,系统实施教学改革;抓住内涵,建设精品课;制定措施,培养学生自主学习意识;开发校园环境建设新模式,促进学生心理健康发展。The first person who put forwards the constructivism is J.Piaget,a Sweden psychologist.The constructivism considers that learning is a process learner builds up his interior psychological token initiatively,and learning needs enriching cognition and understanding completely through cooperation.Teachers are leaders and students are actors of learning.The teaching methods of constructivism include bracket model,anchor model,situation model and enter into teaching according to situation.Constructivism has guiding significance to teaching reform in universities and colleges in evidence.According to the theory of constructivism,we should implement teaching reform systematically,build up prepared courses according to the contents,foster students' consciousness of learning independent through formulating approaches and,develop new models of campus circumstance so as to promote healthy psychological development of students.

关 键 词：建构主义 心理表征 教学改革 精品课 教学设计 自主学习 

分 类 号：G642.41[文化科学—高等教育学]