陕西省市售鸡肉中金黄色葡萄球菌的毒力基因及其药敏检测  

Toxin genes detection and antimicrobial susceptibility test of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from retail chicken in Shaanxi Province

作　　者：徐本锦[1,2] 张伟松[2] 王新[2] 杨保伟[2] 席美丽[2] 夏效东[2] 孟江洪[2] 李新平[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学动物医学院,杨凌712100 [2]西北农林科技大学食品科学与工程学院,杨凌712100

出　　处：《中国人兽共患病学报》2012年第11期1076-1080,共5页Chinese Journal of Zoonoses

基　　金：后稷学者讲座教授奖励计划项目(Z111021003);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(2109021114);中国博士后科学基金项目(2011M501483)联合资助~~

摘　　要：目的检测陕西省市售鸡肉中金黄色葡萄球菌的耐药性及毒素基因。方法采用PCR方法检测122株鸡肉源金黄色葡萄球菌的ses基因、ets基因、tsst-1基因、pvl基因和mecA基因;采用琼脂稀释法进行14种抗生素的药敏试验。结果 122株金黄色葡萄球菌,59.84%(73/122)携带有毒素基因,其中pvl基因的检出率为25.41%(31/122),肠毒素基因的检出率为51.64%(63/122),主要流行的肠毒素基因为sej[37.70%;)46/122)],[4.92%(6/122)]的株菌携带有mecA基因。所有菌株均未检测到see,seg,sei,ets和tsst-1基因;共得到20种毒素基因型,主要流行的基因型为sej[21.31%(26/122)],其次是pvl[8.20%(10/122)],sej+pvl[4.92%(6/122)],seh+sej+pvl[3.28%(4/122)]和seh+pvl[3.28%(4/122)]。122株金黄色葡萄球菌100.00%存在耐药,多重耐药率达88.52%(108/122),对红霉素耐药率最高[87.70%(107/122)],其次为甲氧苄啶/磺胺甲恶唑[81.97%(100/122)]、四环素[67.21%;(82/122)]、阿米卡星[59.02%(72/122)]、环丙沙星[53.28%(65/122)]、苯唑西林[52.46%(64/122)]和阿莫西林/克拉维酸[0.16%(49/122)],对氨苄西林、氯霉素、庆大霉素、头孢西丁和头孢哌酮的耐药率分别为[32.79%(40/122)]、[27.05%(33/122)]、[20.49%(25/122)]、[13.11%(16/122)]和[2.46%(3/122)],所有菌株均对万古霉素敏感。结论陕西省鸡肉金黄色葡萄球菌携带多种类型的毒素基因,且大部分菌株呈现出一定程度的多重耐药现象,同时证实陕西市售鸡肉中存在一定的MRSA污染,这给消费者的身体健康构成潜在的危险,应加强对鸡肉食品的卫生管理。To investigate the prevalence of toxin genes and antimicrobial profiles of Staphylococcus aureus(S.aureus) strains isolated from retail chicken in Shaanxi Province,a total of 122 S.aureusisolates from retail chicken were tested for the prevalence of nine enterotoxin genes and four exotoxin genes by polymerase chain reaction,and tested for antimicrobial susceptibility with 14antibiotics by the agar dilution method.In the 122strains of S.aureus,59.84% were positive for one or more toxin genes.The 25.41% of the isolates harbored pvl gene,51.64% harbored one or more ses genes,sej(37.70%) was the most common pattern,and 4.92% were positive for mecAgene.None of the isolates harbored see,seg,sei,ets or tsst-1genes.A total of 20toxin gene profiles were obtained,and sej(21.31%) was the most common profile,following by pvl(8.20%),sej+pvl(4.92%),seh+sej+pvl(3.28%) and seh+pvl(3.28%).Of these S.aureusisolates,100.0% were resistant to at least one antimicrobial,and 88.52%to three or more antimicrobials.Resistance was most frequently observed on erythromycin (87.70%),following by trimethoprim / sulfamethoxazole(81.97%),tetracycline(67.21%),amikacin(59.02%),ciprofloxacin(53.28%),oxacillin(52.46%) and amoxicillin / clavulanic acid(40.16%).While significantly fewer isolates were resistant to ampicillin(32.79%),chloramphenicol(27.05%),gentamicin(20.49%),cefoxitin(13.11%)and cefoperazone(2.46%).None of the isolates was resistant to vancomycin.These findings indicated that many S.aureusisolates from retail chicken in Shaanxi Province harbored multiple toxin genes and exhibited multiple antimicrobial resistances.The presence of S.aureus strains and methicillin-resistant S.aureus(MRSA) in retail chicken poses a potential threat to consumer health,so relevant regulation should be established to strengthen hygiene management of the chicken products.

关 键 词：鸡肉 金黄色葡萄球菌 MRSA 耐药性 毒素基因 

分 类 号：R378[医药卫生—病原生物学] X172[医药卫生—基础医学]