数字化学习环境:开放远距离教育新的可能与机遇  

New Possibilities and Opportunities of the Digital Learning Environments for Open and Distance Education

作　　者：奥托.彼得斯 罗伟纲 

机构地区：[1]德国哈根远距离大学

出　　处：《开放教育研究》1998年第2期13-16,46,共5页Open Education Research

摘　　要：持传统观念的人认为,只有当“灌输式的教”和“接受式的学”相适应时才能算是学习。即教师讲解所要讲述的内容,学生接受教师所讲的内容,把这些内容记在脑子里,然后,在被提问时或考试时把这些学过的内容回忆出来。事实上,这种教学方式从古代一直延续到今天已经有很长的历史了。在学习中心,对学生进行面授讲课,或为学生提供各种文字教材,或通过广播电视教学等为这种教育模式提供了大量的佐证。在这种模式中。1. This paper deals with the general problem whether and, if so, in how far the impact of the digitised learning environment on our traditional distance education will change the way in which teachers and learners learn. Are the dramatic innovations a menace to established ways of learning and teaching or are they the panacea to overcome some of the difficulties of our system of higher learning and to solve some of our educational problems caused by the big and far-reaching educational paradigm shift? 2.This paper will not deal with technical or techological achievements in the field of information and communication which are, of course, revolutionary and to be acknowledged and admired. Rather, the digital learning environment will be analysed from a pedagogical point of view in order to find out what exactly are the didactic possibilities and opportunities and what are its forseeable disadvantages? 3. The first step into the basically still unknown territory will be an accurate description of the situation of the learners in a digital leaning environment. Here it can already be seen that this learning situation differs a great deal from the situation in a traditional learning environment of a student reading a printed course at home or following a television lecture in a classroom together with other students. 4. The following possibilities, among others, are dealt with: 9 The combination of two or more modes of presentation for didactic purposes 9 The intensifying of visualisation and multisensory visualisation ?New ways of activating the students 9 New ways of providing for more interactivity of the learners with the teaching software 9 Many new possibilities of collaborative learning 9 Working with hypertexts and hypermedia which requires a non-linear and non-sequential learning. , . 9 The development of new forms of digitised information and communication: virtual communication, virtual seminars, virtual shcools, virtua

关 键 词：数字化学习环境 远距离教育 自主学习 学习方式 教学内容 教学呈现方式 学习者 超文本 非自主 计算机 

分 类 号：G434[文化科学—教育学]