小学儿童掌握汉语结构助词的特点  

Schoolchildren's Characteristics in Mastering Chinese Structural Words

作　　者：宋正国[1] 陈国鹏[1] 

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学心理学系

出　　处：《心理科学通讯》1988年第5期13-17,66,共6页

摘　　要：对小学儿童掌握汉语结构助词“的”,“地”,“得”的调查结果表明:1)小学儿童正确使用结构助词的百分率,除了五年级略有下降外,其它都随年级的增长而提高,三、四年级的增长幅度较大,六年级的正确率已达87.9%.2)三个结构助词中“的”字儿童最易掌握,“得”和“地”次之.3)四种不同类型的作业(听写、填充、联词组句和改错)之间无显著差异。4)作业中判断使用哪一个结构助词的主要策略有直接迁移,凭语感作判断及依据词性作判断等。Children's mastering of Chinesestructural words“dī”,“dì”and“dé”is investigated through questionairingand talking with 300 second—sixth grad-ers from two schools.The results showthat 1)the percentages of using thesewords correctly Increase from gradetwo to six,except grade five.Thereis a big increase from grade two tofour.The percentage in grade six is87.9%.2)The order from easy todif-ficult is“dī”,“dè”and“dí”.3)performance among four different tasktypes shows no significant difference.4)The main strategies used by child-ren to make their judgement are directtransfer,feelings of language and wordclasses of the content words.

关 键 词：正确使用 主要策略 正确率 四年级 二年级 汉语 词性 结构助词 使用规则 书面语 

分 类 号：B84[哲学宗教—心理学]