Mechanisms behind early life nutrition and adult disease outcome  

作　　者：Elena Velkoska Margaret J Morris 

机构地区：[1]Department of Medicine, The University of Melbourne, Heidelberg Repatriation Hospital, Heidelberg Heights, 3081, Victoria, Australia [2]Department of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, 2052, New South Wales, Australia

出　　处：《World Journal of Diabetes》2011年第8期127-132,共6页世界糖尿病杂志（英文版）（电子版）

摘　　要：Obesity is increasing around the globe. While adult lifestyle factors undoubtedly contribute to the incidence of obesity and its attendant disorders, mounting evidence suggests that programming of obesity may occur following underand over-nutrition during development. As hypothalamic control of appetite and energy expenditure is set early in life and can be perturbed by certain exposures such as under nutrition and altered metabolic and hormonal signals, in utero exposure to altered maternal nutrition and inadequate nutrition during early postnatal life may contribute to programming of obesity in offspring. Data from animal studies indicate both intrauterine and postnatal environments are critical determinants of the development of pathways regulating energy homeostasis. This review summarizes recent evidence of the impact of maternal nutrition as well as postnatal nutrition of the offspring on subsequent obesity and disease risk of the offspring. While much of the experimental work reviewed here was conducted in the rodent, these observations provide useful insights into avenues for future research into developing preventive measures to curb the obesity epidemic.Obesity is increasing around the globe. While adult lifestyle factors undoubtedly contribute to the incidence of obesity and its attendant disorders, mounting evidence suggests that programming of obesity may occur following under- and over-nutrition during development. As hypothalamic control of appetite and energy expenditure is set early in life and can be perturbed by certain exposures such as undernutrition and altered metabolic and hormonal signals, in utero exposure to altered maternal nutrition and inadequate nutrition during early postnatal life may contribute to programming of obesity in offspring. Data from animal studies indicate both intrauterine and postnatal environments are critical determinants of the development of pathways regulating energy homeostasis. This review summarizes recent evidence of the impact of maternal nutrition as well as postnatal nutrition of the offspring on subsequent obesity and disease risk of the offspring. While much of the experimental work reviewed here was conducted in the rodent, these observations provide useful insights into avenues for future research into developing preventive measures to curb the obesity epidemic.

关 键 词：MATERNAL obesity Programming POSTNATAL OVERNUTRITION POSTNATAL UNDERNUTRITION LEPTIN NEUROPEPTIDE Y 

分 类 号：R151[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]